Dehydration and some chronic pains.
Water Shortage and Rationing
{Brain Regulator General "histamine"} (Almost all pain medications cut this connection) {Subordinate Regulators "prostaglandins" "kinins" } {SIGNAL PAIN Water Rationing Signal} :-
• Dyspepsia-Heartburn
• Rheumatoid
• Pain Back pain
•Anginal pain - heart
•Headaches
Figure 4: There are two components to the sensution of pain. One is local and the other is central nervous system-registered. At an early phase, the locally registered pain can be alleniated with painkillers. After a certain threshold is reached, the brain becomes the direct center for monitoring its perpetuation until hydration of the body takes place.
In their own right, these pain-killers (analgesics) can cause fatal side effects, apart from the damage that is caused by the ongoing dehydration that is temporarily silenced without removing the root cause of these pains-dehydration. Very often, these analgesics cause gastrointestinal bleeding. A few thousand people die every year from this complication of frequent analgesic intake. It is now (1994) clear that over-the-counter pain-killers can in some people cause liver and kidney damage and act as people killers.
The scientific background for the above views is already available to scientists in pain research. This brief is intended to brush aside the professional resistance of the AMA ( The American Medical Association, founded in 1847 and incorporated in 1897, is the largest association of physicians—both MDs and DOs—and medical students in the United States.The AMA's mission is "to promote the art and science of medicine and the betterment of public health.") and the NIH (National Institute of Health) which are aware of my findings and have, contrary to their oath and obligations to the society, refused to propagate it to the ultimate benefit of the public. This "view shift" on the role of water in the body can work wonders in the future practice of clinical medicine—which is why these professional bodies, who gain by the perpetuation of their past ignorance, have not engaged in the dissemination of information about the problems associated with lack of sufficient water in the human body. The moment medical professionals adopt this paradigm shift, the present form of "ignorance of the human body based medical practice" will transform to a thoughtful, preventive approach to health care. More importantly, simple physiology-based cures to early disease emergence will become available well before irreversible damage can establish.
DYSPEPTIC PAIN
A newly recognized emergency thirst signal of the human body. Dyspeptic pain is the most important signal for the human body. It denotes dehydration. It is a thirst signal of the body. It can occur in the very young, as well as in older people. Chronic and persistently increasing dehydration is the root cause of almost all currently encountered major diseases of the human body. Of the dyspeptic pains, that of gastritis, duodenitis, and heartburn should be treated with an increase in water intake alone. When there is associated ulceration, attention to the daily diet to enhance the rate of repair of the ulcer site becomes necessary.
According to Professor Howard Spiro of Yale University, it is generally understood that 12 percent of those with dyspepsia develop ulceration in their duodenum after six years, 30 percent after 10 years and 40 percent after 27 years. It is the dyspeptic pain that is of significance, although the condition develops importance once the ulceration is viewed through the endoscopic examination. It seems that medical practice is becoming more and more a visually oriented discipline rather than the perceptive and thought-based art that it was at one time. It is the pain associated with these differently classified conditions that forces the person to consult a medical practitioner. It is this pain that is now getting much attention even though many different jargons are attached to the local conditions seen through the endoscope. The common factor is the dyspeptic pain. The local tissue change is the descriptive explanation for the changes brought about by the basic common factor, namely the initiating dehydration.
How am I able to make such claims? I have treated with only water well over 3000 persons with dyspeptic pain who had other distinguishing characteristics to classify them according to those jargons. They all responded to an increase in their water intake, and their clinical problems associated with the pain disappeared. The report of my new way of treating dyspeptic pain with water was published as the editorial article in the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology in June of 1983.
At a certain threshold of dehydration, when the body urgently calls for water, nothing else can substitute. No medication other than water is effective. One of the many patients I treated with water stands out and proves this fact. He was a young man in his middle twenties. He had suffered from peptic ulcer disease for a number of years before the crisis time, when I met him. He had the usual diagnostic procedures performed on him and received the label of "duodenal ulcer." He had been given antacids and brand name cimetidine medications.
Cimetidine is a form of very strong medication that blocks the action of histamine on its "2nd" type receiver points, generally known as "receptors" in the body, and, in this case, known as histamine 2 or Hz receptor. It just happens that some cells in the stomach that produce the acid are sensitive to this medication. However, many, many other cells in the body that do not produce acid are also sensitive to this blocking action of the medication. That is why this medication has many other side effects, (including impotence in the young) and has proven extremely dangerous in the chronically dehydrated older age group.
The first time I set eyes on the young man was at eleven one evening in the summer of 1980. He was in such pain that he was almost semiconscious. He was lying folded in the fetal position on the floor of his room. He was groaning steadily, unaware of his environment and the worried people around him. When I talked to him, he did not respond. He was not communicating with those around him. I had to shake him to get a response. I asked him what was the matter. He groaned, "My ulcer is killing me." I asked him how long he had had the pain. He said his pain started at one in the afternoon, immediately after his lunch. The pain increased in intensity as time passed. I asked him what he had done to get relief and if he had taken any medication. He replied that he had taken three tablets of cimetidine and one whole bottle of antacid during this time. He indicated that he got absolutely no relief, even with this amount of medication, in the ten hours since his pain first started.
When so much medication cannot relieve the pain of peptic ulcer disease, one automatically becomes suspicious of "acute abdomen," something that might possibly need surgical exploration. Maybe his ulcer had perforated! I had seen and assisted in the operation of patients with perforated peptic ulcers. Those persons were devastated—very much like the young man before me. The test is very simple; such patients develop a very rigid abdominal wall, almost like a wooden board. I felt for the rigidity of the wall of the abdomen in this young man. Fortunately, he had not perforated. His abdominal wall was soft, but tender from the pain. He was lucky he had not perforated, although if he had continued like this, the acid would have punched a hole through his now inflamed ulcer.
The arsenal of medications in such circumstances is very limited. Three cimetidine tablets of 300 milligrams each and one full bottle of antacid could not relieve the pain. Often, such cases would end on the operating table of a knife-happy surgeon. Because of my extensive experience with the pain-relieving property of water in dyspeptic pains, I gave this man two full glasses of water—one pint. At first he was reluctant to drink the water. I told him he had taken the usual medications without any result. He should now try "my medication" for this disease. He had no choice. He was in severe pain and did not know what to do about it. I sat in a corner and observed him for a few minutes.
I had to leave the room, and when I returned in about fifteen minutes, his pain had become less severe and his groans stopped. I gave him another full ,glass of water—half a pint. In a few minutes, his pain disappeared completely and he started taking notice of the people around him. He sat up and began to move toward the wall of the room. With his back to the wall, he started to conduct conversations with his visitors who were now more surprised than he at the sudden transformation that three glasses of water had brought about! For 10 hours, this man had suffered from pain and taken the most potent and advanced medicines for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease without any relief. Now, three glasses of water had produced an obvious and absolute relief in about 20 minutes.
If you refer to Figure 4 on page 23 and compare the statements in the model on pain with the experience of the above patient, you will recognize the brain component to the intensity of signaling thirst in the body. After a certain threshold, local painkillers will not be effective. The antacid and HI blocking agent cimetidine did not produce even a reduction in the pain felt by the young man. It was water alone that registered the right message with the brain to abort its call for water, since there was now an unmistakable signal of its adequate presence in the body. The same mode of pain registration is operative in other regions that signal dehydration in any particular individual. People with rheumatoid joint pain should be aware of this particular phenomenon of pain registration at the brain when there is severe dehydration.
I had another occasion to test whether the abdominal pain registration for dehydration was time-dependent or water volume-dependent. This time, a man was carried by two other persons into the clinic where I was working at the time. The patient could not walk; he was lifted from under his arms by two other persons. He, too, was a peptic ulcer patient in extremely severe upper abdominal or dyspeptic pain. After examination to see that he had not perforated, I gave the patient one full glass of water every hour. He did not achieve total relief in 20 minutes, or even one hour and 20 minutes. He recovered after he had taken three glasses of water. On the average, it takes less severe cases about eight minutes to achieve total pain relief.
It has been shown experimentally that, when we drink one glass of water, it immediately passes into the intestine and is absorbed. However, within one half-hour, almost the same amount of water is secreted into the stomach through its glandular layer in the mucosa. It swells from underneath and gets into the stomach, ready to be used for food breakdown. The act of digestion of solid foods depends on the presence of copious amounts of water. The acid is poured on the food, enzymes are activated, and the food is broken down into a homogenized fluid state that can pass into the intestine for the next phase of digestion.
The mucus covers the glands' layer of the mucosa, which is the innermost layer of the structure of the stomach (see Figure 5). Mucus consists of 98 percent water and two percent the physical "scaffolding" that traps water. In this "water layer" called mucus, a natural buffer state is established. The cells below secrete sodium bicarbonate that is trapped in the water layer. As the acid from the stomach tries to go through this protective layer, the bicarbonate neutralizes it.
The outcome of this action is a greater production of salt (sodium from the bicarbonate and chlorine from the acid). Too much salt alters the water-holding properties of the "scaffolding" material of mucus. Too much acid neutralization and salt deposits in this mucus layer would make it less homogeneous and sticky and would allow the acid to get to the mucosal layer, causing pain.
[ Stomach And Duodenum. Esophagus, Lesser curve, Greater curve, Gastric mucosa, Valve between stomach and duodenum: This valve is known as the pyloric sphincter. It controls the flow of partially digested food out of the stomach and into the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). It is also part of the end portion of the stomach which acts like a pump to move stomach contents out but also ensures that large food particles remain for further digestion. The stomach is a J-shaped organ in the upper belly (abdomen). It’s part of the digestive system. It’s between the end of the food pipe (esophagus) and the start of the first part of the small bowel (duodenum).
The stomach is much like a bag with a lining. The stomach is made of these 5 layers:
1. Mucosa. This is the first and innermost layer or lining. It contains the glands that release digestive juices. These are called hydrochloric acid and pepsin. This is where most stomach cancers start. Note: Water is needed in order to produce enough hydrochloric acid.
2. Submucosa. This second layer supports the mucosa. It is rich in blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.
3. Muscularis. The third layer is made of thick muscles. They help to mix food with the digestive juices.
4. Subserosa. This layer contains supporting tissues for the serosa.
5. Serosa. This is the last and outermost layer. It’s the lining that wraps around the stomach to confine it.
After you chew and swallow food, it enters your stomach from the food pipe. At this point, pepsin and hydrochloric acid are released. Your stomach muscles create a rippling motion, which combines the food with the digestive juices. After about 2 to 3 hours, partly digested food moves into the small intestine. This is where it’s broken down further, and over time, absorbed into your body.
The natural design in the resection of water through the mucus layer seems to be the process of "back-washing" the mucus layer and getting rid of the salt deposits. This is a most efficient design for rehydrating the mucus layer from the bottom when new mucus is also secreted. This refreshed, thickened and sticky mucus barrier is the natural protective shield against the acid in the stomach. Naturally, the efficiency of this shield depends on a regular intake of water, particularly before the intake of different solid foods that would stimulate the production of acid from the glands in the stomach wall. Thus, water provides the only natural protection against the acid in the stomach, from base upward. Antacids are designed to attach to the acid in the stomach itself— an inefficient protection. We should begin to realize that in the same way we have a "hunger pain" signal, we also have a "thirst pain" signal in the body. It is unfortunate they call it "dyspepsia" and treat it with all sorts of medications until there is local duodenal or stomach tissue damage from the metabolic complications of dehydration. The use of antacids for the relief of this pain is generally the accepted form of treatment. These substances are non-prescription slow poisons that one can buy even in the supermarkets.
Significant research conducted in Sweden has shown that the outcome is the same in those who do not have an actual ulcer and yet have the classical dyspeptic pain, whether or not they use a placebo, an antacid, or even the agent that blocks the action of histamine. In other words, neither antacid nor the stronger medication are all that effective. It is at this stage of body physiology, now generating signals of dehydration, that one should be prudent and refrain from the use of any form of medication.
Water is most probably the only effective substance to give relief. After all water, and only water, is what the body wants, needs, and is calling for. If we search accurately for other signs, there would be more indicators of dehydration. Do not imagine that dyspeptic pain is the indicator of an isolated and localized phenomenon. In any case, dyspeptic pain is a signal of dehydration—a thirst signal—of the body, even if there is an associated ulcer. If water is taken and it relieves your pain, with adequate food intake/ the ulcer is bound to repair itself in due time. It is now said that ulcers are the result of infections. My researched opinion is that the variety of curved bacteria, blamed for causing ulcerations, are commensals, bacteria that naturally dwell in the intestines. They may take an unfair advantage from the immune system suppression that is the direct outcome of dehydration. You see, the normal intestinal bacteria cohabitate with us and produce much of the vitamins needed by the body. They contribute to our well-being when we are strong. In dehydration, particularly at the site of the valve between the stomach and the duodenum many histamine producing nerves exist. This particular curved bacterium benefits from the growth hormone effects of histamine. at the same time that these nerves are restrictively monitoring the rate of flow of the strongly acidic content of the stomach into the intestine. In any case, not all ulcer sites show the presence of "helicobacters." Also, an infinite number of people may have helicobacter in their intestines and not suffer from ulcers!
Antacids that contain aluminum are dangerous. They should not be freely used for a condition that will respond to an increase in water intake. Excessive aluminum in circulation has been very strongly implicated as a precipitating factor on top of other considerations in Alzheimer-type disease. It is imperative to understand this relationship between taking aluminum-containing antacids for a long period of time and its possible accumulative toxic side effect of brain damage in Alzheimer's disease. No amount of genetic study will undo the toxic side effect of a metal used in medications to deal with a simple signal of thirst under a wrong paradigm. Most antacids contain between 150-600 milligrams of aluminum in every spoonful of the liquid, or in each tablet that is chewed.
The island of Guam has much aluminum ore in its soil (normally the case for some regions in the Western Pacific— Guam island, Kii peninsula in Japan, Western New Guinea, and others). The drinking water of the island was heavily contaminated with aluminum. During the time this contamination was not recognized and remained in the drinking water, a disease similar to Alzheimer dementia was prevalent on the island. Even the younger people on the island seemed to suffer from the disease. A number of years ago this problem was recognized and the water purified. It has been noticed that the younger people seem not to be afflicted any more. It is now taken for granted that it was the aluminum toxicity in the drinking water that caused an Alzheimer-type of dementia on the island of Guam.
Histamine blocking agents are also not suitable for long-term use. They have many side effects. These include dizziness and confusion states in the elderly. Enlarged breasts appear in men after a few weeks of taking this medication. Low sperm count in some male patients and loss of libido have also been noted. Nursing mothers or pregnant women should not use this type of medication to treat the thirst signals of the body—the child's and the mother's. Brain capillaries respond to dehydration by dilating if histamine stimulates them. These antihistamines will block the capillary dilating action of histamine when the brain has to tabulate more information than normal, such as when under the pressure of stress. The brain will get less blood supply when antihistamines are used for dyspeptic pain treatment.
The primary cause of Alzheimer's disease is chronic dehydration of the body. In my opinion, brain cell dehydration is the primary cause of Alzheimer disease. Aluminum toxicity is a secondary complication of dehydration in areas of the world with comparatively aluminum-free water. Caution: In the technically advanced Western societies aluminum sulphate is at times used in the process of water purification for delivery into the city water supplies. In prolonged dehydration, the brain cells begin to shrink. Imagine a plum gradually turning into a prune. Unfortunately, in a dehydrated state, many, many functions of brain cells begin to get lost, such as the transport system that delivers neurotransmitters to nerve endings. One of my medical friends took this information to heart and started treating his brother who has Alzheimer's disease by forcing him to take more water every day. His brother has begun to recover his memory, so much so that he can now follow conversation and not frequently repeat himself. The improvement became noticeable in a matter of weeks.
It should be recognized that although pain is localized to the region of the stomach, the dehydration is established all over the body. Not recognizing dyspeptic pain to be a thirst signal calling for water will, later in Me, cause the human body many irreversible problems. Of course, a stomach tumor could cause a similar pain. However, that pain will not disappear with water. It will continue to recur. In case there are repeated pains even when water intake has been regulated for a number of days, it would be prudent to consult a physician for assessment of the condition. If the pain is from gastritis and duodenitis, or even peptic ulcerations, regular intake of water is a must in the daily routine and dietary adjustments for the treatment of the conditions.
COLITIS PAIN
Colitis pain, felt in the lower left part of the abdomen, should initially be viewed as another thirst signal for the human body. It is often associated with constipation, itself caused by persistent dehydration. One of the main functions of the large intestine is the process of taking water out of the excrements so that too much of it is not lost in the waste matter after food digestion. When there is dehydration, the residue is naturally devoid of the normal amount of water necessary for its easier passage. Also, by slowing down the flow and further squeezing the content, even the final drops of water will be drawn away from the solid residue in the large gut. Thus, constipation will become a complication of dehydration in the body. With added food intake, more solid waste will be packed into the intestine and increase the burden for passage of its hardened waste content. This process will cause pain. Colitis pain should initially be considered as a thirst signal of the body. With adequate water intake, the left lower abdominal pain that is associated with constipation will disappear. Eating an apple, a pear, or an orange in the evenings will help reduce constipation in the next day.
FALSE APPENDICITIS PAIN
A severe pain can sometimes appear on the right lower abdominal region. It can mimic an inflammation of the appendix and present some similarity to the pain of early appendicitis. Other distinguishing characteristics are not seen; there is no rise in body temperature; there is no guarding and tenderness in the abdominal wall and no feeling of nausea. One or two glasses of water will relieve this lower right abdominal pain. One glass of water can serve as a diagnostic tool in this particular condition.
HIATUS HERNIA
You often come across the classical dyspeptic pain that the doctor has diagnosed as hiatus hernia (hiatal hernia). Hiatus hernia means displacement of the upper part of the stomach through the gap of the diaphragm (the esophageal hiatus) into the chest cavity. This would be an unnatural location for the stomach to be in. With a part of the stomach in the chest, food digestion becomes painful. The acid in the stomach will freely push upward and touch the unprotected wall of the esophagus. It causes the pain of heartburn.
Normally, the content of the upper part of the stomach is sealed off and cannot pass upward into the esophagus when food is being digested. The normal direction of intestinal contractions is downward, from the mouth to the rectum. Furthermore, there are two valves that prevent the regurgitation of food upward. One valve is located in the wall of the tract between the esophagus and the stomach. This valve only relaxes when food is going into the stomach.
The other trap valve is located outside of the tract in the diaphragm, where the esophagus passes through its hiatus to join the stomach. This "trap valve" is synchronized to relax every time the food that is being swallowed in the esophagus has to pass through it. At other times, it is tight and does not permit the content of the stomach to pass upward. This is the normal state of affairs for the two "valves" that prevent the passage of food from reversing direction and passing upward.
The intestinal tract, from the mouth to the rectum, is a long tube. Different parts of it have developed special physical and functional attributes to make the process of food digestion and the evacuation of its waste products a well-integrated and smooth operation. There are many, many local hormones that make this operation possible. Local hormones are chemical messengers that signal and time the next stage of the process to "kick in." They cause the necessary enzymes to be secreted to further the breakdown and subsequent absorption of the active materials in food.
Early in the process of digestion, acid is secreted in the stomach to activate the enzymes and help in the breakdown of solid proteins such as meat and hard-to-digest foods. Normally, the liquefied but highly acidic content of the stomach is pumped into the first part of the intestine. There is a valve between the stomach and the intestine. It is called the "pyloric valve." The operation of this valve is regulated by the message system from either side of the "tract." It is one thing for the stomach to wish to empty its content into the intestine; it is another thing for the intestine to be ready to receive this highly corrosive and acidic gastric content.
The pancreas is a gland that secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar. It also pours some essential digestive enzymes into the intestine. The pancreas has, at the same time, the physiological responsibility of rendering the intestinal environment alkaline before the acid from the stomach can reach the intestine. The most important function of the pancreas is its constant role of manufacturing and secreting of a "watery bicarbonate solution"—the alkaline solution that will neutralize the acid that enters the intestine. To manufacture the watery bicarbonate solution, the pancreas will need much water from the circulation. In dehydration, this process is not very efficient. For this reason, the pyloric valve will not receive the dear signals to open and allow stomach acid to pour into the intestine. This is the first step in the production of the dyspeptic pain, the initial thirst indicator of the human body. When we drink water, depending on the volume of water that enters the stomach, a hormone/ neurotransmitter called "motilin" is secreted. The more water we drink, the more motilin is produced by the intestinal tract and can be measured in blood circulation. The effect of motilin on the intestinal tract, as its name implies, is to produce rhythmic contractions of the intestines— peristalsis—from its upper parts to its lower end. Part of this action would involve the timely opening and closing of the valves that are in the way of flow of the intestinal content.
Thus, when there is enough water in the body for all the digestive processes that depend on the availability of water, the pancreas will produce its watery bicarbonate solution to prepare the upper part of the intestinal tract to receive the acidic content of the stomach. Under such ideal circumstances, the pyloric valve is also allowed to open for the evacuation of the content of the stomach. Motilin has a major "transmission" role in coordinating this action. Motilin is a satiety hormone secreted when water extends the stomach wall.
The problem begins when there is not enough water in the body for these digestive events to take place in a coordinated manner. In no way will the system allow the corrosive acid content of the stomach to reach the intestine if the mechanism to neutralize it is not effective. The damage would be irreparable. The walls of the intestines do not possess the same protective layer against acid that is available to the stomach. The first thing that happens is the reversal of the strength of contraction in the valves on either side of the stomach. The pyloric valve will constrict more and more.
The ring valve between the esophagus and the stomach and the external "valve" of the diaphragm will become more relaxed. Initially, some of the acid may flow into the esophagus when the person is lying down and produce a type of pain that is often called heartburn. It's located near the heart , but it's not the heart that gets burned.
In some, the laxity of the "valve" in the diaphragm may be such that a portion of the stomach may pass through it into the chest and achieve the title of hiatus hernia. When the valves reverse their mode of operation for the normal flow of the stomach content, in effect they are preparing for another eventual and unavoidable outcome: the evacuation of the stomach content through the mouth. If the stomach content cannot go into the intestine and it cannot indefinitely remain in the stomach, there is only one other way out—through the mouth. For this action to take place, the intestinal tract is capable of reversing the direction of its contractions. The reversal of the contractions is called "anti-peristalsis."
One of the most misunderstood and upsetting conditions that is a complication of severe dehydration is bulimia. People who suffer from bulimia—the most notable of them is Princess Diana, who has been devastated with this problem and whose marriage to Prince Charles was destroyed because of this antisocial problem—suffer from constant "hunger." When they eat, they cannot retain the food and have an instant uncontrollable urge to vomit— thus, their antisocial life-style. In these people, their sensation of "hunger" is, in fact, an indicator of thirst, and their urge to vomit is the protection mechanism that is explained above. If bulimics begin to rehydrate their body well and drink water before their food, this problem will disappear. In my opinion, because of the repeated corrosive effect of the regurgitating acid on the unprotected esophageal tissue, there is a strong relationship between heartburn of early life and eventual cancer of the lower end of the esophagus.
Dyspeptic pain, no matter what other pathological label is attached to it, should be treated by regular intake of water. The current treatment practice and the use of antacids and histamine-blocking agents is not to the benefit of a chronically dehydrated person whose body has resorted to crying for water. A.B. is herself engaged in the promotion of alternative medicine. She is very strongly into chelation therapy. She has compiled other people's information and written a popular book on chelation. However, she had herself suffered for many years from excruciating pains from her hiatus hernia. Her husband, himself a most delightful author, tells me that A.B. could hardly sit through a meal and not suffer from such severe pains as to be able to complete her food and enjoy sitting down for a chat. At times, they would have to leave the restaurant because the pain would not allow her even a short respite to finish her meal.
A.B. tells me she hardly drank any water. Only after H.B. had by chance come across my book and read it, did they finally understand A.B.'s problem. She began drinking water. As she increased her water intake, she noticed her pain was less severe. In a matter of days it disappeared completely, never to come back. The husband and wife now enjoy going out to eat. My wife and I ate with them a few times. It appears her hiatal hernia and its pain are ancient history. It is interesting to note that even chelation, her pet treatment procedure for so many conditions, could not help her. It should become clear that the hidden merits of chelation therapy in most cases is in its required high-volume water intake during the actual treatment procedure. However in the past, increased water intake was not a routine recommendation for in-between the treatment sessions. But, as a result of my talks and reviews of my book in their favorite Journal of Townsend Letter for Doctors, most practitioners of "Alternative Medicine" are now recommending increased water intake by their patients. Chelation therapy is most effective in extracting toxic metals out of the body.
In Summary:
Dyspeptic pain is a thirst signal associated with chronic or severe dehydration in the human body. It could also exist in conjunction with other thirst pains of the body. Take a look at Mr. Liguori's letter on page 92. As you can see, Mr. Liguori had both the pain of hiatal hernia and also anginal pain. With increased water intake, one pain has disappeared and the other has diminished significantly in only one week of increased water intake. At the time of the final writing of this page, his pain seems to have completely cleared up. "The worst sin toward our fellow creatures is not to hate them, but to be indifferent to them: that's the essence of inhumanity." George Bernard Show, 1897.
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