Warfarin (Jantoven) is a medicine to prevent blood clots. It may save your life if you've had blood clots or are at risk of them. But warfarin can sometimes cause serious side effects, such as heavy bleeding. 华法林（Jantoven）是一种预防血栓的药物。如果您曾有血栓或有血栓风险，它可能会挽救您的生命。但华法林有时会引起严重的副作用，例如大量出血。
The same action of warfarin that stops blood from clotting can cause bleeding. Warfarin treatment is a careful balance. Diet changes, being sick, and using some medicines, herbs or supplements can change the levels of the medicine in the body. 华法林的止血作用同样也会导致出血。华法林治疗需要小心平衡。饮食变化、生病以及使用某些药物、草药或补充剂都可能改变体内药物的浓度。
When is warfarin prescribed?
Your healthcare team might prescribe warfarin if you have:
● A blood clot in or near the heart that could cause a stroke, heart attack or organ damage.
●A blood clot in the lungs, also called a pulmonary embolism.
● A blood clot in other places in the body.
● An irregular heartbeat called atrial fibrillation (AFib). AFib increases the risk of blood clots that can lead to strokes.
● An artificial heart valve.
何时开华法林处方？
如果您有以下情况，您的医疗团队可能会开华法林处方：
● 心脏内或心脏附近有血栓，可能导致中风、心脏病发作或器官损伤。
● 肺部有血栓，也称为肺栓塞。
● 身体其他部位有血栓。
● 心律不齐，称为心房颤动 (AFib)。AFib 会增加血栓风险，从而导致中风。
● 人工心脏瓣膜。
What are the side effects of warfarin?
The main side effect of warfarin is bleeding. If you're taking warfarin, you may have trouble stopping the bleeding from a cut or a nosebleed. More-serious bleeding may happen inside the body. Bleeding inside the body is called internal bleeding.
Get medical help right away if you take warfarin and you have any of the following:
●Bleeding from a cut or the nose or gums that lasts more than 5 or 10 minutes when applying pressure.
●Vaginal bleeding, including menstrual bleeding that's heavier than usual.
●Coughing up blood.
●Dizziness or weakness.
●Severe headache.
●Head injury or fall, even if there are no signs of bleeding.
●Red or brown urine.
●Severe stomach pain.
●Vomiting of blood or material that looks like coffee grounds.
●Stools that are black or bloody.
●Unusual bruising.
●Pain or swelling in the joints, especially after an injury.
●Vision changes.
Rarely, warfarin can cause the death of skin tissue, also called necrosis. This complication occurs within a few days of starting warfarin treatment. If you take warfarin, get immediate medical care if you have these skin changes:
●Sores on the skin.
●Changes in the color or temperature of the skin.
●Severe pain on your skin.
Talk to your healthcare team if you take warfarin and have these symptoms:
●Bleeding from a cut or the nose or gums that lasts less than 5 minutes. For example, if your gums bleed after brushing your teeth.
●Bleeding between menstrual periods.
●Diarrhea, vomiting or inability to eat for more than 24 hours.
●Fever.
华法林的副作用是什么？
华法林的主要副作用是出血。如果您正在服用华法林，您可能很难止住割伤或流鼻血。体内可能会发生更严重的出血。体内出血称为内出血。
如果您服用华法林并出现以下任何症状，请立即寻求医疗帮助：
● 割伤、鼻子或牙龈出血，在施加压力时持续超过 5 或 10 分钟。
● 阴道出血，包括比平时更重的月经出血。
● 咳血。
● 头晕或虚弱。
● 严重头痛。
● 头部受伤或摔倒，即使没有出血迹象。
● 红色或棕色尿液。
● 严重的胃痛。
● 呕吐血液或看起来像咖啡渣的物质。
● 黑色或带血的大便。
●异常瘀伤。
●关节疼痛或肿胀，尤其是在受伤后。
●视力变化。
华法林很少会导致皮肤组织死亡，也称为坏死。这种并发症发生在开始华法林治疗后的几天内。如果您服用华法林，如果您出现以下皮肤变化，请立即就医：
●皮肤溃疡。
●皮肤颜色或温度变化。
●皮肤剧烈疼痛。
如果您服用华法林并出现以下症状，请咨询您的医疗团队：
●割伤、鼻子或牙龈出血，持续时间不到 5 分钟。例如，如果您在刷牙后牙龈出血。
●月经期间出血。
●腹泻、呕吐或超过 24 小时无法进食。
●发烧。
No comments:
Post a Comment