Sunday, December 11, 2022

Part II: Band of Brothers

 Part l : Remember The Yellow and Blue Team ( click here ) 

Wars and Football 

Part II: Band of Brothers

TARAS STEPANENKO SAT alone at a table in the hotel lobby bar. He smiled at me and gestured to an empty seat.


"Have a coffee," he said.


It was the morning before the Armenia match in September. We'd been in Yerevan for two days. He pulled up the live security feeds from his home in Kyiv. The cameras still work.


"I love my home," he said. "I want to come back."


He showed me the different views with pride. One camera shows the Dnipro River flowing behind his yard. Another shows the trees and flowers. Stepanenko loved the trees most, watching them grow from seeds along with his children. His wife planted berries and vegetables. Gardening is in her blood. Her grandparents left their village when the war began, moving into the Stepanenkos' riverfront home near Kyiv. They lasted about ten days before returning to the active warzone. Her grandmother wouldn't abandon her garden. She had put those seeds in the ground.

Stepanenko feels homesick a lot. So much has been lost already. His home in Donetsk was wrecked by a bomb. His caretaker sent photos that showed how slivers of shrapnel cut through every wall -- "like cheese" -- and he felt grateful he wasn't there at the time. The village where he grew up has been destroyed. The city where he moved to as a boy looks like something from a black and white newsreel. For now, his wife and children are living in Spain by the beach. His kids go to school with Russian kids. There are fights on the playgrounds. Stepanenko, who once got into the most famous on-field brawl in the Ukrainian league's history, told his children to walk away; they couldn't afford to get expelled, not when they were lucky to have a safe place to live.


Sitting in the lobby, he talked about life after the Wales match. He went home alone to Kyiv. The guards greeted him as he pulled through the gate. He lives in the wealthy suburbs on the same side of the city as Bucha.


Stepanenko's kids went to school with kids from Bucha, which is no longer known for its bucolic surroundings. Now and forever, it will be the place where the Russian army set up an ambush along a supposedly safe civilian evacuation route. As the Russians retreated, they cut people down and left them to rot, leaving behind corpses with ears cut off and teeth removed.


Residents risked their lives to bury strangers and later those shallow holes were uncovered and the bodies removed for proper burial. I went to Bucha while the Ukraine team played Scotland in qualifying this past summer. A hollow-eyed man named Denys showed me the way from his home to one of those graves. The walk took a few minutes. He narrated along the way but there was a delay while his descriptions were translated to me in English. It added menace to his tour. He showed me the chicken coop where he hid from Russians looking to kill him and the long tree-lined country lane where civilians were gunned down. All four of Denys' grandparents are Russian. His family in Russia insists that his neighbors committed suicide to make Russia look bad, he told me.

"I think they're zombies," he said.

We came to a barbed wire fence and slipped beneath a loose strand. Our security contractor, a retired SAS operator, asked about land mines. Denys told him not to worry and then walked us to a shallow hole, maybe 3 or 4 feet deep. He pointed. I leaned in and saw comforters and a woman's dress. The man started talking as I looked into the hole. It took me a moment to realize the splotches on the fabric were bloodstains. My translator began explaining. This was a mass grave. Bodies had been uncovered and returned to their families when Russian troops were pushed back. The shovel used in the work remained standing upright next to the hole.

The bloody dress was robin's egg blue.

THE FIRST THING Stepanenko did in Kyiv after the Wales match was lay down in the soft grass of his backyard. The river ran nearby. Flowers and trees stretched toward the sky above him.


But the kids' toys weren't left at odd angles around the yard. Nobody kicked a ball or climbed a tree or ran. There wasn't a barbecue or a birthday party or even a lazy weekend sunset to look upon. Just silence.


He stayed alone like this for two hours.


He wore sandals because shoes wouldn't fit on the foot he'd injured in the Wales loss. Everything hurt. He thought seriously about quitting international football.


"But if I retire from the national team, I won't be useful for my country," he said.


So he was back on the road playing these final matches that, from afar, seemed rather meaningless and from inside mattered a great deal. They were fighting for their coach. They were playing for their colors. Wearing the Ukrainian jersey gave Stepanenko and his teammates purpose. That purpose was in its final days, too. I'd been surprised at the intensity of practice sessions in Yerevan, but now I understood a little about what was happening around me. They were proving something, to their fans, certainly, but also to themselves. A few days later before their final match in Krakow, Yarmolenko would sit down to tell me that he won't ever be healed after the own goal against Wales, but these "meaningless" games have provided some measure of grace. "A strong athlete is not the one who wins and then rejoices in his victory," he said. "A strong athlete is one who can get back on his feet after a defeat."

When the war began, Stepanenko wanted to join the military and was told by friends and family to keep playing and to use his gifts for the glory of Ukraine. If glory is gone now, fidelity remains. Persistence remains. He thinks about the soldiers. "My emotion is always with them," he said, struggling to find the words in English. "My heart and ... and soul are always with them. Every day I pray about them. I don't know how to explain this. It's very difficult because it's inside your soul."


Watching him run in the rain felt a lot like watching a man search for a home. Home isn't the bombed apartment in Donetsk, and it's no longer an erased village, or a silent mansion along the banks of the Dnipro River. It's not this hotel, or the next hotel, nor is it a rented roof in a Spanish beach resort town. The cocoon of this team brings him comfort but that's not home, either. The closest he feels to home is when he checks his phone for news about the war. Home is a connection, a thread. In the lobby in Armenia, he switched from his security cameras to his Telegram app where he gets the latest dispatches from the front.

"This morning was the news that nine missiles came to Zaporizhzhia and destroyed one important restaurant for my family," he said. "When we had birthdays, our parents celebrated in this restaurant. Six people died."


THAT EVENING STEPANENKO went to practice.


The stadium in Yerevan sat in a bowl and he looked up at the laundry hanging from balconies and an old Soviet building crumbling on top of a nearby hill. Stepanenko ran hard, jockeying close to the team's young star forward Mykhailo Mudryk -- the future of Ukrainian football, soon to be 22 -- and deftly stealing the ball. Stepanenko gave him a little pat afterwards, as if to remind him that experience remained undefeated against youth.

Petrakov stood at midfield and ran his players through drills.


"Faster! Faster!" he yelled.


He grinned at the intensity.


"Very good, boys!" he said. "No mistakes! No mistakes!"


They moved like lions. Later the biometric sensors would reveal this to be the first practice with everyone at pre-invasion levels. It had taken months to repair what the war had damaged and now that they were whole again, their time together was nearly at an end. It seemed unfair. They had needed this kind of fitness on that rain-soaked day in Wales. Perhaps they would be training for Qatar right now. Perhaps there would be folk songs written about them.


Petrakov pushed them harder still.

"Where's your character?" he yelled.


Those were the stakes then. Not wins or losses or advancing in some silly tournament. They were playing to be worthy of their fans. 


The team spent the last part of the day defending corner kicks, which cost them their last game. With less than seven minutes left in practice, Stepanenko ran hard into the space in front of the goal and flung himself at the ball. He rammed his head into a teammate and they both hit the ground clutching their skulls. Stepanenko got the worst of it and the trainers helped him to the bench. He held a blue ice pack on his head. The medical staff crowded around him as he moved the ice pack back and forth between his hands as his arms got tired.


Petrakov came over to check on him.


"How are you?"


Stepanenko leaned back and smiled a little.


"I was hit by a train."


Petrakov said something quietly to his star player and then reached over and gently touched his head, like a father caring for a child with a fever.


OUTSIDE THE STADIUM as the team left, and inside the hotel as they returned, Ukrainian fans waited to thank the players. This happens everywhere they go. There's a rhythm to these encounters. Just after the photograph, the fan whispers something. It never lasts more than a few seconds.


"Not only are the Ukrainian people happy to see us," Yarmolenko said. "We, too, are really happy to see our Ukrainian people."


I saw that proved true over and over again. One memory from the past six months will remain with me forever. I'd traveled to Italy to meet the Ukrainian team for an exhibition match in the hills west of Florence. A crowd of adults and children sat together in a VIP section just off the pitch. The kids cheered while the adults fought back tears. While we waited for kickoff a woman described her escape from Ukraine when the war began. She and her family pulled into some little village early in the morning to find the residents waiting at the main intersection, offering refugees a place to sleep. They followed an old man and woman to their home and walked inside to find the table set for a full dinner. The next day her husband drove her and their children to the border. He stayed behind to fight. Their oldest son joined him.



[On a visit to the front, Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy asked soldiers to sign a Ukrainian flag for the national team. The flag hung in the dressing room before the World Cup qualifying match against Scotland.] 

In Italy one of the adults stood next to me on the side of the pitch. I looked at this huge group of kids and wondered how they came to be at this game. The woman told me calmly that she was an aid worker and many of these children were orphans. The aid worker explained it was vital to get them to safety because among the many atrocities inflicted by the Russians during this war, perhaps the cruelest is a systematic push to place Ukrainian orphans with loyal Russian families. She never cried telling me this story, not even when relating the most violent details, but she sobbed when the national anthem played on the stadium stereo. The players want to play for her. "Each one of them understands why he is here," Yarmolenko said. "Each one is aware that all of Ukrainians stand behind him, that the entire country is going to watch him play."



[When the war began, Taras Stepanenko wanted to join the military but was told by friends and family to use his on-field talents to help the nation.]

THE NEXT DAY Petrakov gathered the team in the lobby and asked for their attention.


"Let's go for a walk," he said.


Every match day they all walk together through the city where they'll soon play. It's a way to feel connected to the outside world, to see and to allow themselves to be seen. I think they walk together to lessen the load any one individual might be carrying alone. They listen to each other. They listen to fellow refugees. They carry these stories with them.


Stepanenko talked to the team's young goalkeeper Dmytro Riznyk.


The two of them looked like regular football players. They wore tracksuits and sneakers. They walked on the balls of their feet like predators. They looked like any other team.


But Stepanenko has lost a home and his family's village.


Riznyk is a tall, baby-faced new father who sits in the lobby of these endless hotels and FaceTimes with the little boy who was born the night the war began.


"A small child, only ten hours old, and you cannot take him anywhere, because it is a newborn baby," he said. "He has no immunity. It's scary."


The child came home from the hospital to a world of nightly air raid sirens. The family developed a routine. Riznyk would wrap the baby in two jumpsuits, and a cocoon of blankets, and take him down into the cold basement. They kept a diaper bag packed in case they stayed there all night.


[This piece of art graces what's left of this building destroyed by the Russian army in Borodyanka, a town that has suffered severe damage.] 

Coach led the way on the team walk, moving slowly with his hands behind his back. Every so often he'd stop and stare though the haze at the faint outline of Mount Ararat, where the Bible says Noah's Ark came to rest. Petrakov turned toward the southwest. Two peaks towered over the city skyline, both covered in snow and connected by a long rocky ridgeline. I stopped and looked with him. He seemed deep in thought. Just taking the field tonight would be an achievement, he believed. "The game should be the only thing in their head, but in their head is Mum and Dad in Odesa," Petrakov said, "Grandma and Grandpa somewhere else. Someone died, someone went missing. It's terrible."


The team walked past a World War II memorial and kept going until they could see the whole valley. We stood together and I imagined all this before concrete and rebar and global shipping routes. Once this was just a valley and a river, green fields and wildflowers and people who only went to the jagged higher ground when threatened. All the coaches, players and staff lingered for a moment. They long for their valleys.


Petrakov turned and headed back to the hotel, talking the whole way with his main tactical adviser. They made plans to rest a lot of the stars against a weak Armenian team and to take the field in Krakow with their best players rested and ready. The air smelled like evergreen trees.


The midfielder Oleksandr Karavayev followed his coach back through the park. He's from Kherson, a then-occupied city south of Kyiv. The Russians captured it during the first days of the war. In September Putin had announced a referendum that would make that city part of Russia. Karavayev was always trying to contact his parents. They lived in Kherson. Once they lost the internet and went three days without answering. The scars of those three days won't ever go away.


When he spoke of his father, Karavayev broke down crying. "I saw my father going to work," he said. "There was no money, but he would bring bread and some other food in the evening for us to eat in the morning. And he went to work again at 5:00 a.m. I remember that and it remains in my heart and soul. It will stay there forever."


As he fought the tears something familiar happened: thinking about his family made him think about the situation at home. So many times, a Ukrainian would start talking about something they loved, or hated, or missed, and with no warning they would suddenly be talking about the war. No part of life remained untouched. The idea of a father's sacrifice made him think about the sacrifices everyone is making and then he could barely get out any words at all.


"Because of this war there are always tears in my eyes because..." he said between sobs, "... I don't understand why people ... can't live in peace."



[Goalkeeper Dmytro Riznyk wraps his flag around one of the child mascots before a Nations League match. Riznyk's own son was born the night the war began.] 

THE GAME AGAINST Armenia passed with no drama, a rare easy win for Ukraine, who scored five goals and allowed none. Petrakov and his team loaded on the bus. A police escort rushed them past all the sidewalk coffee kiosks, the shipping container barbecue stands, the neon dance club signs out on the edge of town. There are few energies in the world as pure and electric as a victorious sports team traveling to the next city after a triumph and for the first time they just felt like a team who'd won a game. They deserved that small mercy. The drive to the airport took maybe 15 minutes. The bus parked at the terminal and everyone rushed through security.


They laughed in the aisles of the duty free.


Stepanenko read the labels of Armenian cognac bottles.


"I asked the barman," he said. "He said the 10-year is very nice."


They filtered out through the shop and then the terminal. Their charter flight waited at Gate 3. Next door was a flight to Moscow. Riznyk cracked open a Sprite. Stepanenko walked around with a Louis Vuitton backpack. Petrakov got some wine to take home. Soon it was time to board. Stepping onto the jet bridge Petrakov reached out and touched the shoulder of the player in front of him. His boys. He took his usual seat, 1A, cracking open a novel with yellowed pages. The plane sat idling on the tarmac, white with a blue tail and nothing written on the side, as the guys found their seats, too.


Players near the back passed around a bottle. Alex, the team public relations man, got on the microphone and started listing off all the statistics from that night's game.


"Yeah, yeah," they jeered in laughter. "Calm down!"


He grinned, too.


"Glory to Ukraine!" he shouted before passing back the mic.


The five flight attendants did the safety presentation. They were all from Ukraine and wanted pictures but felt too nervous to ask. Soon the pilot rolled up the throttles and the plane accelerated down the runway. The flutter of shuffling cards began in the back. Several poker games happened at once. Drum machine trills filtered from a pair of headphones. Twenty-three brothers climbed out over the lights of Yerevan. The plane bucked and shook, rising through the clouds, bouncing side to side a few times as the last of the city lights vanished and everything turned dark.


They were alone.


Mudryk stretched out on a row by himself.


Stepanenko sat up front closer to coach than the card games.


Yarmolenko held court in the back.


The pilot came on the speaker and sketched out their route through the night sky, heading over Turkey, skirting the coast of the Black Sea, then flying over Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and finally landing in Poland. Folks poured whiskey or champagne into the airline coffee cups. Guys told stories and laughed. The card games heated up. The plane didn't have Wi-Fi so nobody followed war news on their phone. They were truly alone.



[In recent months, the Ukrainian army has retaken territory in the eastern and southern parts of the country.] 

Eventually the plane drew even with Crimea, the Black Sea dark and dangerous below them, the waters dotted with Russian warships carrying Kalibr cruise missiles. The crew dimmed the lights and some guys slept. Those playing cards sang together, some Ukrainian folk tunes and a famous old Italian ballad.


Every guy on the plane had a story about what this war has made them abandon. But they'd gained something, too. They'd gained each other. They're not the winningest team, or the most famous team, but they might be the closest team ever assembled, welded by shared trauma and purpose, and none of them will ever forget. They will remember this flight. They will remember the furious noise of beating Scotland and the silence of losing to Wales. They will remember who stood shoulder-to-shoulder with them for both. They will remember drinking duty-free scotch and singing old-fashioned love songs.


Roman Yaremchuk put somebody in a headlock. He and Yarmolenko were the ringleaders in the rowdy back of the plane. When the war began, Yaremchuk found out that his wife's parents were trapped behind enemy lines. He didn't know what to do. His first thought was to call his captain, who was from the city where Yaremchuk's in-laws were trapped. Yarmo, a famous and important man, started working the phones. He used his fame to help a teammate. Soon a military contact organized a mission and the Ukrainian army went in the middle of the night to rescue Yaremchuk's family. Armed men arrived at the door and led them in darkness to a small boat. The soldiers dipped the oars into the water with precision and silently rowed them across a river to safety. Yarmolenko shrugged off even the whiff of praise for his actions, saying that he just did what any teammate would have done for him. The players will remember giving help and asking for it. They will never forget.


The flight attendants announced final approach into Krakow. The plane landed with a little sideways hop and shimmy and the clink of rolling bottles brought on muffled laughter.


"Oh f---!" someone yelled.


What a rare, great night, a chance to forget the games and the war and just enjoy each other, free at 30,000 feet from schedules and news from home, living for a few hours outside the reach of time. The guys looked bleary but happy shuffling through the line at passport control. Finally Petrakov got to a Polish border guard. He held out his documents and smiled.


"Would you accept another Ukrainian in your country?" he asked.



[The team celebrated their wins in the Nations League, a competition that might not matter on the world stage but gave them an opportunity to stand up for their country. ]


Part III: The Last Dance

THE TEAM DROVE away from their hotel in Krakow to a local team's modern training complex, tucked into a reclaimed patch of forested swamp. Tiny bugs swarmed everywhere. All the players jogged around the pitch. Petrakov dribbled a ball around at the parking lot end of the field and took a shot into the net. The guys chirped at him as they passed.


Eventually they started a 5-on-5 scrimmage. It quickly turned aggressive. The team found a new gear. Everyone felt it. A beast came alive on a random practice field in the rural hills west of Krakow. The Nations League is a considered a farce of a tournament but that's clearly not how Petrakov and his boys saw it. If someone gives them a time and a place they will turn up in their blue and yellow uniforms and show all comers that everything a Ukrainian citizen does right now matters.


"This is not just some routine for us," Yarmolenko said. "This is a chance."


A crowd gathered to watch the scrimmage.


Yarmolenko played for one side. Stepanenko played for the other. They dominated the play. Not so long ago they hated each other. Now they are brothers. Yarmolenko scored first in the scrimmage and blew a kiss in the air. He appeared again young and boundless. Stepanenko marked him, playing on a third of the field, everything full speed.


Petrakov shouted at them joyfully.


Everyone scrapped, grinding and surging, preparing for this last match like a World Cup. They went hard. Nothing in the end is meaningless. Everyone knew about Petrakov's fight to keep his job. Everyone knew the news back home. Sirens in Kharkiv and Kherson. Their air defense net shot down an Iranian drone. The Russians shelled 25 towns and villages along the front. Seven missiles, 22 airstrikes and 67 artillery strikes were reported in the East. Stepanenko's hometown was hit again.


Petrakov sipped from a hot cup of tea and talked with his tactical advisor on the side of the pitch. He knew what to expect from their familiar opponent Scotland, who only needed a draw to win their group in the Nations League.


"They will close down and counterattack," he said.



[After Russia invaded, its navy blockaded Ukrainian ports and threatened the global grain supply. The United Nations and Turkey brokered a deal to allow grain to be exported. ]

PETRAKOV LED THE team for the ritual gameday walk through a leafy park on the banks of the Vistula River. He raged as he walked. Two Ukrainian journalists who've been fiercely criticizing him for his decisions seemed to live inside his head. Their news organization is owned by a businessman with ties to Russia, and the old coach, Shevchenko, remains one of the most popular figures in the nation. His critics are, as he says, "burying him alive," and he should know because he sees every word.


"I cannot stop reading," he said.


Standing around the ground floor of the hotel in Krakow he asked if we could switch to Russian. His Ukrainian vocabulary couldn't convey his rage. I said yes. But instead of continuing to rant about the journalists he launched a purple, beautiful rant against the Russians -- especially the Russians he once called friends. He has erased them from his phone. The war has destroyed ordinary people's ability to separate their fear and anger into separate silos. Everyone felt everything all the time.


What does this kind of responsibility (and visibility) do to a person? A normal person with a simple life and modest home. When he took this job, he said, he never even asked what his salary would be. For him it was always an act of patriotism. Coaching the Ukrainian national team was the honor of a lifetime, whether his tenure ended Tuesday night or whether he kept coaching for years to come.


"Do you ever think about what your parents would say about you doing this job?"


"Yes, of course," he said quietly.


His dad died in 1989 and never saw a free Ukraine. His mother died in 2011. He was sitting in Poland but thinking about home. His eyes got red and glassy. "My father would have thrown a big banquet and cried with pride," he said. "I often go to their gravesites."


His lip started to betray him.


Standing alone in that cemetery he has made sure they know their son has made good, that he didn't run when his moment of reckoning arrived.


"I talk to them," he said.



[When Ukraine beat Scotland 3-1 in June, Petrakov and the players celebrated in the direction of roaring Ukrainian fans.]

THE HOTEL IN Krakow was full of Ukrainian fans. They hung around the lobby and sat in the bar or on the couches down by the elevators. One of them wanted to tell me a story about himself and Stepanenko. He's an old soldier, he explained to me. His name was Oleksandr Kosolapov and his eyes were cold blue. We walked over to the bar and settled into the flimsy and vaguely Scandinavian chairs.


"September 19, 1984," he said.


That's when he got shot in Afghanistan. Thirty-eight years ago.


He smiled at me.


"An American M16 bullet," he said.


The round tore through his chest -- he's missing half a lung -- but didn't hit anything else. Six days before his 21st birthday he awoke in a hospital. A voice inside told him he must stand or die. He tried and collapsed to the floor. Nurses got him back in the bed. When he was alone, he tried again. This time, despite a wobble, he managed to count one ... two ... three. He knew then he'd survive.


When the Soviet Union collapsed he found himself a veteran with no nation. Technically he lived in Ukraine, but he led a Russian life with the Russian language and Russian customs and identity. "I was absolutely Russian," he said. "My father is Russian. Half my blood is Russian."


He paused.


"My mother is Ukrainian."


He remembered clearly when he first felt Ukrainian. Nearly 20 years ago he traveled to the capital city of his region, Luhansk, and found himself in one of the big squares. Security folks set up barricades and he asked what was going on.


Viktor Yushchenko was speaking.


Yushchenko was running for president against the puppet handpicked by Moscow. He was an underdog with Ukrainian identity at the core of his platform. The old soldier Kosolapov decided it took courage for a man with those beliefs to come to such a pro-Russian region and make his case. He would stay and listen.


"One by one, a nation is formed..." Kosolapov said.


[Ukrainians are bracing for one of the worst winters in the nation's history as the Russians attack power facilities. ]

Yushchenko talked about simple things. This vote was an important moment for Ukraine. Their future as an independent nation was at stake. All this made sense to Kosolapov. We must build a new Ukrainian country. We must say to the whole world we are not Russian. We are Ukrainian. We have a culture. We have a history. But that's not what made Kosolapov decide to turn his back on his political views and follow a new leader. Something else did that.


When the speech ended Yushchenko passed ten feet from Kosolapov. A month before he'd been famously poisoned with dioxin and nearly died.


"When I saw the color of his face..." the soldier told me, going back into his memory, taking long pauses. "I was..."


Old soldiers often end up back on the battlefield in their minds.


"... On October 2, 1983 my commander died in my arms."


When the fighting ended Kosolapov went to see his commander's body. "I remember the color of his face, 40 years after," he said. "It's not color of life but it's not the color of death. It's a middle color. Yellow. Gray. It's a very unique moment two hours after you're killed. I remember this color. When I looked at Yushchenko his face was absolutely the same color."


That changed Kosolapov's life.


"I thought, 'Look at this man,'" he said. "He was almost dead. But he stood up and went forward. This moment ... I decided he's my president."


Ten years after that speech, in 2014, the Russians invaded Ukraine. When the war started, his son said he planned to join. Kosolapov told the boy he'd been with him for his first steps, and his first walk to school, and stood by him at his wedding, and there was no way he'd let him get shot at alone. They went together.


A missile hit their position.


Kosolapov took more than 100 pieces of shrapnel and came a few strands of tissue and skin from losing his right leg. For two weeks, he lingered in a coma but recovered to become a symbol. The football federation brought two star players to visit him. One was Pylyp Budkivskyi (pronounced Phillip) and the other was Taras Stepanenko.


Seeing the players made a real difference. It gave him purpose.


"I was an old man," he said. "I was glad to see young football players."


He caught himself.


"Not football players. Young Ukrainian men."


Pylyp and Taras listened to his story.


"You are the future," he told them. "When we fight, you are our future."


[Former Ukrainian president Viktor Yushchenko survived an assassination attempt during his election campaign in 2004.]

Eight years have passed and he has followed the careers of both players who visited him. Stepanenko is beloved for the fierceness he brings to his Ukrainian club and the national team. Budkivskyi played for a time, as Kosolapov put it, "in f---ing Russia to f---ing play for the bloody f---ing money."


The soldier judges his fellow citizens with severity. There is no context.


"There is much difference between these two young guys," Kosolapov said. "They look like the same guys. They are different men. We are proud about Stepanenko. He is an example in the field. He is fighting. He is a good Ukrainian citizen."


As we talked, Stepanenko himself stepped off the elevator and walked into the bar. He saw the old soldier and recognized him. Came straight to our table. They stepped away from our table and hugged. The national team players go out of their way to pay respect to veterans. They spoke quietly, a football star and an old soldier. "Tiny Dancer" played on the bar stereo. Kosolapov got the chance to tell his story. He gave Stepanenko a warrior's blessing.


"You're a fighter," he told him.


I RAN INTO the old soldier Kosolapov the next day before the match. He grinned and said he'd found a ticket.


"The first time for me seeing the national team on the field!"


"Really?"


"I lived in a small town!" he said and grinned.


His girlfriend laughed, too.


"I really hope we'll celebrate later in the night," she said.


The hotel's energy changed. Everything felt liquid and slow. The unified heavyweight champion of the world waited in the lobby. Fans paced nervously beneath the shimmering lobby chandelier. They held flags and jerseys. Players moved through the lobby from the elevators to their private dining room. Lately they've been considering how they'll be remembered.


Stepanenko told me he wants to personally be known as a man who always tried his best. "I think the most important that supporters will say about our generation," he told me, "is that we were like fighters."


"We will always remember this national team," Yaremchuk said.

[This door of a house outside Kyiv bears the scars of Russian shelling.]

The federation president Pavelko said he will remember the bond formed over the past six months. "We are good friends," he said. "We come to each other's help. I am perhaps going to remember this time as a special time indeed, because now, here, with us, new history is being made."


There is, of course, also the history that wasn't made. An unwritten masterpiece, the work left undone. The memory of Ferris wheel turning circles through the hotel window in Wales, a reminder of how they might have been remembered, how close they came to something truly eternal in the history of their nation.


"When I remember Wales, I get so scared," Petrakov said. "God forbid I ever get there again. I'll have unpleasant memories for the rest of my life."


His boss saw a more realistic and nuanced picture.


"He is training them while the war is going on here," Pavelko said. "So he has already inscribed his name in the global history of football."


"Do you think that you'll still be the coach in March?"


Petrakov got a weird smile on his face.


"This will be subject to a decision by the executive committee," Pavelko said. "I cannot comment on this now."


He paused.


"I have my personal opinion," he said.


The hours counted down until it was almost time to leave the hotel and make the short drive to the stadium. Yarmolenko walked through the lobby with a Louis Vuitton dopp kit. The fans gathered by the idling bus. The players went into a conference room overlooking the valet parking and entrance plaza of the hotel. Gauzy white curtains hung over the windows giving the room the feeling of a glowing box. The players looked transparent almost, like a fading photograph losing pigment and definition. They sat in neat rows facing their head coach.


Their futures beyond that room were uncertain. People looked at them through the curtains with awe. They'd made it to the last game. Even the unsmiling team security guy held up his phone and took a picture. What I wanted desperately was for them to stay in that room forever. Then the bond they'd built over the past seven months would never fade or decay, Petrakov and these 23 men frozen in time -- safe from war and from whatever kind of peace might follow it. The meeting ended and the glowing room emptied. They marched out together. Coach exited the hotel last, stepping onto the bus like an admiral boarding his flagship.


[Children play in a backyard in a village near Kherson liberated by Ukrainian forces in early November.]


Part IV: War and Remembrance

A COLD RAIN fell on the stadium in Krakow. Ukraine needed an outright victory to win their Nations League group. Their intensity in the belly of this stadium far outmatched the moment. They slipped on the jerseys so carefully hung in their lockers. The air was cold. The stadium speakers shook with war anthems remixed to heavy house music.


Death to the enemy!


Ukraine is in our hearts!


Glory to Ukraine!


Glory to the heroes!


The public address announcer asked fans from different parts of Ukraine to cheer when he called out their region. The loudest cheer came from Kyiv but the occupied areas of Odesa, Donetsk and Mariupol got cheers, too, letting the world know. Death to the enemy! Glory to Ukraine! The temperature was 53 degrees Fahrenheit and dropping fast. Rain kept coming down harder. The Ukraine team took the field. All of them wore their national flag around their shoulders like superhero capes. When the little kids joined them at midfield, the players draped their flags on those shivering kids.


The whistle blew and the Scots won an early corner kick. The Ukrainians pressed back, swarming them. Then eight minutes into the match, the young gun Mudryk slipped a perfect pass to Yarmolenko, the new generation helping the old one, and the captain lined up a shot from six yards away with the keeper moving in the wrong direction. A gimme, but a tightly wound Yarmolenko fired the ball over the net into the stands.


Two minutes later, Ukraine missed on a shot from a tight angle against the Scottish keeper. Stepanenko missed a chance to score on a header a half-hour in and then a teammate missed from about the same distance as Yarmolenko earlier. Stepanenko missed again and then half-time arrived.


The Ukrainians controlled the game but remained tied 0-0.


[Ukraine's national team has not played on home soil since the war began.]

The second half began and Mudryk missed a chance to score. The tension felt nearly unbearable. Petrakov stalked the sideline screaming at officials and he seemed almost happy, the water pouring off his nose, soaking through his layers, no punishment without guilt. He looked through the rain with guard tower eyes.


The deluge did something to the acoustics and the stadium echoed with the screams of the Ukrainian fans. Yarmolenko looked exhausted, stopping at the sideline for gulps of water. Stepanenko lined up a clean shot and missed again wide right. Fans threw blue and yellow flares down on the field and the place smelled like gunpowder. Yarmo came out of the game finally and the Ukrainians threw themselves at the anvil of the Scottish defense over and over until they were broken and the referee blew the whistle and the whole thing ended.


A draw, a miserable terrible loss of a draw.


Stepanenko and Yarmolenko changed out of their uniforms. Neither knew how many more times they'd get to play for the national team. Petrakov appeared for his news conference. He looked pale. A microphone went down into the crowd for the first question. A Ukrainian reporter strangely seemed to almost laugh as she asked a question: "I heard there is some issue with your contract?"


"No comment," Petrakov said.


Then he turned and spit on the floor. He leaned towards Alex, the team communications chief.


"Everyone wants me to quit," he whispered.


"Calm down, please," Alex begged. "Calm down."


Petrakov got it together and answered every question and sat on the bus alone as the team showered and loaded their bags. He stared at something we couldn't see. I wondered what he might be thinking. While he waited, a Ukrainian media outlet reported he was no longer the head coach. That news hung in the air of the hotel all night. The next morning nobody seemed to know if he was still the coach. The coaches, staff and families endured a five-hour bus ride to a train station on the border. Kids talked too loud. Adults cringed. Coach sat and stewed. They stopped twice for gas and snacks. The second time he came inside to use the facilities. When he got inside, he stood in line. Eventually he was next. The door to the toilets was mirrored so he had to stand there and stare himself in the face, tired, existentially empty, a man without faith or homeland or harbor. I looked at him, too. I saw him. I saw a fighter, a leader, a grandfather, a coach whose career is the same age as his country, a man born in a nation that disintegrated, a serious, stern man with a dry sense of humor, the father of a DJ, the son of a cog in the Soviet machine, from Kyiv, a Ukrainian, a simple man.


[Petrakov faced fierce criticism and pressure in the wake of several underwhelming results. ]

THE CONDUCTOR DIMMED the lights as the train crossed the border into Ukraine. Shades covered the windows. We were now in a war zone. The car swayed from side to side. The football party took up the whole first-class sleeper car, four beds to a cabin. Managers brought on pallets of bottled water because there was none to drink on the train. Staff members peeled hard boiled eggs and poured cheap scotch into coffee cups. The horn blew a long melancholy blast as the train rattled through the night.


I asked Alex about the coach's mood.


"He's frustrated," he told me.


I swallowed hard and, arms out touching the walls to keep my balance, made my way up the train car and stood outside Petrakov's door. He beckoned me to enter. Stepping inside I saw him in the dark, the lines on his face covered in shadow, watching a replay of last night's defeat. He nodded at an empty space next to him on the bed where he sat. The sheets were thin, white with tiny blue lines. An apple and a banana sat untouched on the fold-out table next to his laptop. A glass of orange juice. His phone rested on top of his passport. The screen showed a news story. He rubbed his eyes before closing them and rubbing his nose.


"The only friend left on this planet is my wife," he said softly.


He looked broken. The train took him further and further from Krakow, where some part of him remained. Last night he and the Scotland manager hugged at the end of the match.


"You have an amazing team," Steve Clarke told him.


Petrakov crossed his arms.


"Maybe it's my last game," he said.


The cameras caught the exchange and now the Ukrainian media debated his future. His phone screen glowed. Fans were debating whether he should keep his job.


"There is a poll on the internet," he said.


He didn't tell me the results. I didn't ask.


"It's terrible," he said. "There is war outside. I brought the team together. So much hate towards me, I didn't expect it at all."


"Just make it 48 hours and people will move on," I told him.


He smiled.


"I call it a 72-hours symptom," he said. "You say 48, I say 72."


His voice never rose. No sparks. No flames. The inferno of the past few days settled into smoldering trees. Only ashes and soot. Nine more hours. Soon he'd learn his fate. We rattled slow through the night, a train full of people returning home under the threat of war.


[More than a thousand years ago a civilization rose in Kyiv whose descendants scattered across Eastern Europe. Some drifted west and became Ukrainians. Some Belarusians. And others moved northeast to Moscow. ]

A FEW DAYS later Petrakov walked through the city center of Kyiv, wearing stylish slacks and a tight-fitting magenta sweater. I realized I'd never seen him not wearing a tracksuit. Back at home he's a hero. A random person gave him an enormous hug. Coach looked so happy and relieved. Standing in front of a huge church, across from a plaza filled with the burned-out wrecks of Russian tanks, he breathed in the air of his city. He walked down to the river of his ancestors.


Yesterday he'd retreated to his dacha, a traditional summer house for barbecues, and reconnected with his wife. He sat in the sauna and sweated. He slept. The grass got mowed and the spaniel got walked.


His players started calling.


They remained united in their concern for him. They checked on his mental state as he's so often checked on theirs. Arsenal's Oleksandr Zinchenko, the best active professional Ukrainian player, who was injured for the last few matches, called and said, "Coach, we told our parents and will tell you: 'Don't read stuff on the internet.'"


Federation president Pavelko called and told him to keep working. When his contract ran out at the end of the year, they'd revisit. For now his job was safe. He'd survived 48 and 72 hours and he seemed lighter, no matter how hard it was to trust good news during wartime. Recently the papers reported a strange new phenomenon in Kharkiv. The Ukrainians pushed the Russian army back far enough to put the city out of artillery range. People were safe but wouldn't come back aboveground. They stayed mistrustful of the sky.


Petrakov found a café on the wide avenue leading up from the InterContinental Hotel. We stepped into a little bar and the barista spontaneously hugged him.


"Goddamn!" the man exclaimed. "You're the coolest!"


He escorted us to the sidewalk terrace. Petrakov grinned. All this love made him feel good, for sure, but also like the people had never broken ranks with him. He felt justified. Yesterday the cold seemed to be settling in for the winter but today the sun was warm again.


"Indian summer," he said in Ukrainian, and then asked me if we had that phrase. The day felt stolen. We laughed and closed our eyes. It felt good to be warm and happy. I am writing this 53 days later so I can never separate the joy of the afternoon from my knowledge of what was coming. A bomb would seriously damage the bridge from the Russian mainland to Crimea. The Russians would retaliate. Kamikaze drones and hundreds of cruise missiles would fly towards the cities of Ukraine. Day after day after day. The attacks specifically would target power facilities and plunge Kyiv and the other cities in the nation into darkness. Winter has always been the most reliable weapon in the Russian arsenal. It got Napoleon and Hitler and is coming for Ukraine. Kyiv officials warn of brutal months to come, possibly without light or heat. Every privation has made the Ukrainians more determined, and while the war has gone their way, it could turn. Kyiv could still fall.


Survival depends mostly on their ability to keep the world's attention. Lots of official and unofficial ambassadors have done their part. Zelenskyy and Mila Kunis and the Klitschko brothers and, of course, Petrakov and his team. He had done his best and now he sat in the city of his birth and hoped it had been enough. I wondered if I'd ever see him again. He ordered a cappuccino, because he was driving, and at his insistence the waiter brought me and my entourage heavy glasses brimming with three fingers of an Irish whiskey called Writers' Tears. It's been 53 days since that fading afternoon. Just this morning I read a story about Kyiv sitting in snowy darkness, people hoping not to freeze to death on Christmas, and the idea of fighting, even dying, for anything enduring felt like a myth. People have been fighting and dying in this city for a thousand years. Nothing endures but memory and the ever-vanishing warmth of that afternoon remains with me still. We were a strange group: a coach and two Americans and a Ukrainian translator who hosted a cooking show on television before the war and a British SAS commando turned security contractor. We raised our drinks.


"You know what is most important?" Petrakov asked in a serious voice.


We all faced him at the head of the table.


"Now we are sitting in Ukraine but there is a war in the East. People are dying there, but we talk, laugh, alive and healthy."


The city of Kyiv vibrated with life around him, defiant, colorful, loud, free.


"It is a great happiness when there is peace," he said. "I do not understand what people want to achieve by killing. May your families be healthy and your children alive. If we meet again somewhere in this life, we will hug like brothers."


Death to the enemy. Glory to Ukraine.


"Let's drink to this..." he said.



Wednesday, December 7, 2022

Visit Qatar 去卡塔尔

 An immersive tour of the FIFA World Cup 2022 host nation, Qatar 🇶🇦. 沉浸式游览 2022 年 FIFA 世界杯主办国卡塔尔🇶🇦。

Welcome to Qatar  🙏🏽 欢迎来到卡塔尔

For the first time in history, the FIFA (Men) Football  World Cup is taking place in the Middle East. 国际足联(男子)足球世界杯历史上第一次在中东举行。

Thirty-two teams from around the world will compete in one of the biggest sporting events in the world from November 20 to December 18, 2022. 2022 年 11 月 20 日至 12 月 18 日,来自世界各地的 32 支球队将参加世界上最大的体育赛事之一。

Let's takes on a journey around Qatar highlighting attractions, culture, and stadiums. 让我们开始环游卡塔尔的旅程,重点介绍景点、文化和体育场馆。

Arriving in Doha 抵达多哈

Qatar is the smallest nation to host the World Cup. The country of some three million people will welcome 1.5 million international visitors. 卡塔尔是举办世界杯的最小国家。 这个拥有约 300 万人口的国家将迎来 150 万国际游客。

If you fly into Qatar, you will land in the capital, Doha, at one of two airports. 如果您飞往卡塔尔,您将降落在首都多哈的两个机场之一。


The country’s main airport, Hamad International Airport (HIA) 📍 is expected to process up to 10,000 passengers per hour during the 29-day-long tournament.

在为期 29 天的比赛期间,该国的主要机场哈马德国际机场 (HIA) 📍 预计每小时可处理多达 10,000 名乘客。


Doha International Airport 📍 is Qatar’s second airport, and 13 airlines will be operating out of it. Both are less than a half-hour’s drive from Doha’s city centre.多哈国际机场📍是卡塔尔的第二个机场,将有13家航空公司在此运营。 两者距离多哈市中心均不到半小时车程。

Staff at the airports offer service mainly in English but a wide range of languages is also spoken, including Arabic, Hindi, Tagalog, and Urdu. 机场工作人员主要使用英语提供服务,但也会使用多种语言,包括阿拉伯语、印地语、他加禄语和乌尔都语。


English is widely spoken across Qatar, but it may be helpful - and fun - to try your hand at saying a few things in Arabic: 

英语在卡塔尔被广泛使用,但尝试用阿拉伯语说几句话可能会有所帮助 - 而且很有趣:

Learn some popular Arabic sayings 学习一些流行的阿拉伯语谚语

• Hello 你好

 مرحبا (marhaba)(马哈巴)

• Pleased to meet you 很高兴见到你

تشرفنا (tasharafna)(tishrafuna) (塔沙拉夫纳, Tǎ shālā fū nà)

 • How are you?  你好吗?كيف حالك؟ (kayfa halak; for male) (kayfa halik; for female)(kayfa halika?)


• Goodbye 再见 مع السلامة (mae alsalama) (ma'asalama)


•What's your name? 你叫什么名字? ما اسمك؟  (ma ismak, for male) (ma ismik, for female)


•How much is that? 那个多少钱?

 بكم هذا؟ (bi kam hatha)

• I'm sorry 对不起 

آسف (asif, for male 阿西夫)  

أسفة (asifa , for female 阿西法)

• Please 请 لو(min fadlak, for male) سمحت(min fadlik, for female)لو سمحت (law samaht)

• Thank you 谢谢  شكرا (shukran 舒克兰)

 من فضلك

How to get around Qatar on the metro   如何乘坐地铁游览卡塔尔

Qatar is a small country, with a total area of 11,636sq km (4,493sq miles). It takes about an hour to cross the country east to west and about two hours north to south. 卡塔尔是一个小国,总面积为 11,636 平方公里(4,493 平方英里)。 从东到西穿越该国大约需要一个小时,从北到南大约需要两个小时。


More than 80 percent of the country’s residents live in and around Doha, along the country’s east coast. 该国 80% 以上的居民居住在该国东海岸的多哈及其周边地区。

Options for getting around include public transport like the metro, tram and bus network; rental cars; Karwa taxis; or ride-hailing apps like Uber and Careem. 出行选择包括公共交通工具,如地铁、电车和公共汽车网络; 租车; Karwa出租车; 或 Uber 和 Careem 等叫车应用程序。


Football fans with digital Hayya cards travel for free on public transport between November 11 and December 23. 拥有数字 Hayya 卡的足球迷可在 11 月 11 日至 12 月 23 日期间免费乘坐公共交通工具。

Visiting Doha’s city centre参观多哈市中心

Stop by Souq Waqif and Msheireb 在 Souq Waqif 和 Msheireb 停留 

Qatar has a lot of markets, and Doha’s Souq Waqif 📍 is by far the most famous. 卡塔尔有很多市场,多哈的Souq Waqif 📍是目前为止最著名的。


Enjoy getting a little bit lost in the winding alleys and streets as you browse clothes, crafts, spices, jewellery and more. 当您浏览衣服、工艺品、香料、珠宝等时,享受在蜿蜒的小巷和街道上迷路的感觉。


The Souq also has a great dining scene, with restaurants and street food vendors offering a taste of Middle Eastern cuisine - including Qatari, Egyptian, Iranian, Moroccan, Syrian, Turkish, and more. 集市也有很棒的餐饮场所,餐厅和街头小吃摊供应中东美食 - 包括卡塔尔、埃及、伊朗、摩洛哥、叙利亚、土耳其等。


You can also catch a street performance, browse through art galleries, or head on over to try holding a falcon - the national bird of Qatar - in the adjacent Falcon Souq. 您还可以观看街头表演,浏览艺术画廊,或前往附近的猎鹰集市尝试抱猎鹰——卡塔尔的国鸟。

Also near Souq Waqif is Msheireb Downtown 📍, an urban rejuvenation project that has transformed the area into a modern neighbourhood with plazas, marketplaces, restaurants and galleries. Click> here  <点击这里

Souq Waqif 附近还有 Msheireb Downtown 📍,这是一个城市复兴项目,已将该地区转变为一个拥有广场、市场、餐厅和画廊的现代社区。

Visit the mall 逛商场

Qatar has mild winters and hot summers. To get out of the heat, a lot of socialising and errand-running can be done in malls, where there’s something for everybody. 卡塔尔冬季温和,夏季炎热。 为了摆脱酷暑,可以在购物中心进行大量社交和跑腿活动,那里总有适合每个人的东西。

Most malls have entertainment for children, movie theatres, restaurants, cafes and retail shops. 大多数购物中心都有儿童娱乐场所、电影院、餐馆、咖啡馆和零售店。

You’ll also find grocery stores, mobile phone providers, pharmacies and currency exchanges. The official fixed exchange rate is QAR 3.64 to USD$1.     您还可以找到杂货店、手机供应商、药店和货币兑换处。 官方固定汇率为 3.64 卡塔尔里亚尔兑 1 美元。

Some malls are walking distance from World Cup stadiums. Venetian-themed Villagio Mall 📍 is next to Khalifa Stadium, and Mall of Qatar 📍 is steps away from Ahmed Bin Ali Stadium.        一些购物中心距离世界杯体育场仅几步之遥。 威尼斯主题的Villagio Mall📍就在Khalifa Stadium旁边,Mall of Qatar📍距离Ahmed Bin Ali Stadium只有几步之遥。

Go to Villagio Mall , click> here <点击这里

Go to Mall of Qatar, click> here <点击这里

Have a wander 闲逛

November-December is a great time of year to visit Qatar. Temperatures range from 17 to 30C (63 to 86F) - perfect to wander or jog around the city, picnic in the park or try a water sport.

You’ll notice quickly that people in Qatar love the waterfront. To the north of Doha is Lusail 📍 , which has a broad Marina with food trucks, fountains, and a tree-lined walkway along the water.

South of Doha is Wakra, which has its own Souq 📍 on the water where people shop, dine, walk and play.

Doha’s Corniche 📍 will be the main attraction. A seven-kilometre (4.3 miles) stretch will be turned into a Fan Festival with performances, cultural activities, food and beverages, dhow (boat) rides, and spaces to lounge and meet new people.

Along the Corniche are two big parks, the Museum of Islamic Art (MIA) Park 📍 and al-Bidda Park 📍, green oases that will also be buzzing.

Further in town are Aspire Park 📍 and Oxygen Park 📍. Aspire Park, one of Doha’s largest, is next to Khalifa Stadium and has duck ponds, pedal boats, fountains, cafes, and lots of space to roam.

Oxygen Park is in Education City and is a great spot for running, playing football, or finding your Zen with some yoga.

11 月至 12 月是访问卡塔尔的好时机。 温度范围为 17 至 30C(63 至 86F)——非常适合在城市中漫步或慢跑、在公园野餐或尝试水上运动。

 您很快就会注意到卡塔尔人热爱海滨。 多哈的北面是卢赛尔📍,这里有宽阔的码头,有美食车、喷泉,还有一条绿树成荫的水边人行道。

 多哈南部是瓦克拉,它在水上有自己的集市 📍,人们在那里购物、用餐、散步和玩耍。

 多哈的滨海路📍将是主要景点。 七公里(4.3 英里)长的路段将变成一个粉丝节,其中包括表演、文化活动、食品和饮料、独桅帆船(船)游乐设施,以及休息和结识新朋友的空间。

 沿着滨海路有两个大公园,伊斯兰艺术博物馆 (MIA) 公园 📍 和 al-Bidda 公园 📍,绿洲也会热闹非凡。

 镇上还有 Aspire Park 📍 和 Oxygen Park 📍。 Aspire Park 是多哈最大的公园之一,毗邻 Khalifa 体育场,拥有鸭池、脚踏船、喷泉、咖啡馆和许多漫游空间。

 Oxygen Park 位于教育城,是跑步、踢足球或通过瑜伽寻找禅宗的好去处。

Spend a day at the Pearl 在珍珠度过一天

 The Pearl 📍, a Doha landmark, is an artificial island designed to resemble pearls nestled in their oysters.


The multibillion-dollar complex comprises 12 districts, each with its own architectural style.


Medina Centrale, sitting between the two largest “pearls”, is a Spanish-inspired retail and residential district where people dine, shop, watch a movie, or spend time at the indoor entertainment centre.


In Qanat Quartier, the “Venice of Qatar”, you can lounge on the beach, visit canal-side restaurants and cafes, or take a boat through its pastel waterways.


The Pearl, like Doha, has evolved rapidly over the years. The satellite images below show how the Pearl has grown since construction began in 2004.

珍珠 📍 是多哈的一个地标,是一个人工岛,其设计类似于嵌在牡蛎中的珍珠。

 这个耗资数十亿美元的综合体包括 12 个区,每个区都有自己的建筑风格。

 Medina Centrale 位于两颗最大的“珍珠”之间,是一个西班牙风格的零售和住宅区,人们在这里用餐、购物、看电影或在室内娱乐中心消磨时光。

 在“卡塔尔的威尼斯”Qanat Quartier,您可以在海滩上休息,参观运河边的餐馆和咖啡馆,或者乘船穿过柔和的水道。

 与多哈一样,明珠多年来发展迅速。 下面的卫星图像显示了珍珠号自 2004年开始建设以来的发展情况。

Exploring Qatar's history and culture

探索卡塔尔的历史和文化

Visit the museums 参观博物馆

Museum of Islamic Art - MIA 📍, on Doha’s Corniche, holds some of the most diverse collections of Islamic art in the world, with metalwork, textiles, ceramics, and manuscripts spanning 1,400 years of Islamic history. 伊斯兰艺术博物馆 - MIA 📍,位于多哈的滨海路,拥有世界上最多样化的伊斯兰艺术收藏品,其中包括跨越 1,400 年伊斯兰历史的金属制品、纺织品、陶瓷和手稿。

Highlights include two pages from the Timurid Baysunghur Quran - the largest Quran in the world - and the Standing Caliph gold coin, the first time the word “dinar” appeared on a coin. 亮点包括来自帖木儿 Baysunghur 古兰经的两页——世界上最大的古兰经——和站立的哈里发金币,“第纳尔”一词首次出现在硬币上。

MIA was designed by renowned architect I M Pei, who also designed the Paris Louvre Museum’s glass pyramid. MIA 由著名建筑师贝聿铭设计,他还设计了巴黎卢浮宫博物馆的玻璃金字塔。

Qatar National Museum 📍- Minutes away from MIA is an eye-catching building designed by French architect Jean Nouvel in the form of a desert rose, a naturally occurring crystal formation found in Qatar’s deserts. 卡塔尔国家博物馆 📍- 距 MIA 仅数分钟路程,这是一座引人注目的建筑,由法国建筑师让·努维尔 (Jean Nouvel) 以沙漠玫瑰的形式设计,这是一种在卡塔尔沙漠中发现的天然晶体。

This is the National Museum of Qatar where the country’s heritage, culture and people are chronicled in 11 galleries showcasing artefacts and short films by world-renowned filomographers like India’s Mira Nair and Britain’s Doug Atkin.   这是卡塔尔国家博物馆,这里的 11 个展厅记录了该国的遗产、文化和人民,展示了印度的 Mira Nair 和英国的 Doug Atkin 等世界知名的纤维摄影师的手工艺品和短片。

3-2-1 Olympic and Sports Museum 📍- Sitting next to Khalifa International Stadium, the 3-2-1 is a must-visit museum for sports fans, with an amazing collection of sports memorabilia. 3-2-1 奥林匹克和体育博物馆 📍- 3-2-1 位于哈利法国际体育场旁边,是体育迷必去的博物馆,收藏了令人惊叹的体育纪念品。

Here you’ll see cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar’s bat, seven-time world champion F1 driver Michael Schumacher’s Ferrari, world heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali’s boxing gloves and Brazilian football icon Pele’s jersey. 在这里,您会看到板球传奇人物 Sachin Tendulkar 的球棒、七届世界冠军 F1 车手迈克尔舒马赫的法拉利、世界重量级冠军穆罕默德阿里的拳击手套和巴西足球偶像贝利的球衣。

Visit Qatar's mosques 🕌 参观卡塔尔的清真寺

Qatar has more than 2,000 mosques. The largest is the sandstone Imam Abdul Wahhab Mosque, which was opened in 2011. 卡塔尔有 2000 多座清真寺。 最大的是砂岩伊玛目阿卜杜勒瓦哈布清真寺,于 2011 年开放。


Also known as the Grand State Mosque 📍, it accommodates more than 30,000 worshippers with separate prayer and ablution halls for men and women. 也被称为国家大清真寺📍,可容纳超过30,000名信徒,男女分开的祈祷和沐浴大厅。


Entry is free and guided tours are available for visitors, with some restrictions. 免费入场,并为游客提供导游服务,但有一些限制。


The Education City Mosque 📍, designed by Mangera Yvars Architects, is a landmark within the Qatar Foundation campus. 由Mangera Yvars Architects设计的教育城清真寺📍是卡塔尔基金会校园内的地标。

The mosque, with its distinct 93-metre-tall minarets, rests on five pillars representing the pillars of Islam and is decorated with verses from the Quran in Arabic calligraphy. 这座清真寺拥有独特的 93 米高尖塔,坐落在代表伊斯兰教支柱的五根柱子上,装饰着阿拉伯书法的《古兰经》经文。


The Fanar Islamic Cultural Centre 📍is another recognisable building in the Doha skyline with its spiral minaret rising next to Souq Waqif.  Fanar 伊斯兰文化中心 📍 是多哈天际线上另一座知名建筑,其螺旋形尖塔耸立在 Souq Waqif 旁边。

Getting adventurous 开始冒险

If you’re more into the great outdoors, here are some spots you can check out:如果您更喜欢户外活动,可以前往以下几个景点:


The Inland Sea 📍- also known as Khor Al Adaid - is a popular destination for camel riding, dune bashing and sandboarding in the southeast, near the border with Saudi Arabia. 内海 📍 - 也被称为 Khor Al Adaid - 是东南部靠近沙特阿拉伯边界的骑骆驼、沙丘撞击和滑沙的热门目的地。


If you’d like to stay longer, book an overnight camping, or glamping, excursion with a tour company. 如果您想逗留更长的时间,请与旅游公司预订过夜露营或豪华露营、短途旅行。


You can also scuba dive at the Inland Sea, Doha has a number of dive shops where you can rent equipment and organise dive trips. 您还可以在内海潜水,多哈有许多潜水商店,您可以在那里租用设备和组织潜水旅行。


Zekreet 📍and Fuwairit 📍 beaches - These two beaches are where Qatar’s kite surfers congregate. If you didn’t bring your kite with you, they are available for rent with local kite surf instructors.  Zekreet 📍和 Fuwairit 📍 海滩——这两个海滩是卡塔尔的风筝冲浪者聚集的地方。 如果您没有随身携带风筝,可以向当地的风筝冲浪教练租用。


Al Shahaniyah camel racing📍 - Here you can watch a race, visit the camels in their pens, and try riding one yourself.  Al Shahaniyah 骆驼比赛📍 - 在这里您可以观看比赛,参观围栏中的骆驼,并尝试自己骑骆驼。


The Al Thakira Mangroves 📍 are a lush green spot in the northeast, about 65km (40 miles) from Doha.  Al Thakira 红树林 📍 是东北部郁郁葱葱的绿地,距离多哈约 65 公里(40 英里)。


Al Thakira is one of the best kayaking spots in Qatar where you can also see wildlife including migratory birds like flamingos and herons.  Al Thakira 是卡塔尔最好的皮划艇地点之一,在那里您还可以看到野生动物,包括火烈鸟和苍鹭等候鸟。


Purple Island 📍- Not far from the Al Thakira Mangroves is Bin Ghannam Island, popularly known as Purple Island.紫岛📍-离Al Thakira Mangroves不远就是Bin Ghannam岛,俗称紫岛。


The former fishing and pearl diving site offers - in addition to more mangroves - rock climbing, kayaking and other water-related activities. 前身是钓鱼和采珠地点,除了更多的红树林外,还提供攀岩、皮划艇和其他与水有关的活动。

Checking out the stadiums in Qatar 检查卡塔尔的体育场馆 

Sixty-four games will be played across eight stadiums, seven of which were built specifically for the tournament. 六十四场比赛将在八个体育场进行,其中七个是专门为锦标赛建造的。


Each stadium will have an entertainment and fan zone. 每个体育场都会有一个娱乐和球迷区。


After the World Cup, Qatar will donate 170,000 seats to countries in need of sporting infrastructure, in coordination with FIFA. 世界杯结束后,卡塔尔将与国际足联合作,向需要体育基础设施的国家捐赠 17 万个座位。


1. Al Bayt Stadium; Al Bayt 体育场

Capacity: 60,000 : 容量

Host World Cup matches: 9 主办世界杯比赛:9

Design: Traditional nomidic tent              设计:传统游牧帐篷

Host the opening match on November 20, 2022. 2022 年 11 月 20 日举办揭幕战。

The first game was between Qatar and Ecuador at the Al Bayt Stadium 📍 in Al Khor on November 20 at 7pm (16:00 GMT).


 Taking the form of the traditional “bayt al-shaar” tent used across the region, it was designed by Middle Eastern design firm Dar al-Handasah and has a capacity of 60,000 people


 Al Bayt will host nine matches including a semi-final game on December 14, 2022.

 第一场比赛于 11 月 20 日晚上 7 点(格林威治标准时间 16:00)在 Al Khor 的 Al Bayt 体育场 📍 举行,卡塔尔和厄瓜多尔之间进行了比赛。

  采用该地区使用的传统“bayt al-shaar”帐篷的形式,由中东设计公司 Dar al-Handasah 设计,可容纳 60,000 人

  Al Bayt 将举办九场比赛,包括 2022 年 12 月 14 日的半决赛。

Tuesday, December 6, 2022

How Long Does It Take to Empty Your Stomach?

 How Long Does It Take to Empty Your Stomach? 

The simple answer is, it depends. But the time needed for your stomach to empty is important for digestion and getting the maximum nutrients from your food. It’s also useful to know if you are taking medications or supplements. 

Research shows that different foods move at different rates through the digestive tract. To understand how long it takes your stomach to empty – and its impact on the effectiveness of medicine, nutritional supplements, and even your health – we need to start with a brief look at how the stomach 

How Long Does It Take to Empty Your Stomach?

Summary:

•What affects the speed of stomach emptying

•Why this is important if you take medications or supplements

•How you can support digestion naturally

The simple answer is, it depends. But the time needed for your stomach to empty is important for digestion and getting the maximum nutrients from your food. It’s also useful to know if you are taking medications or supplements. 


Research shows that different foods move at different rates through the digestive tract. To understand how long it takes your stomach to empty – and its impact on the effectiveness of medicine, nutritional supplements, and even your health – we need to start with a brief look at how the stomach and your gastrointestinal tract work.


How does the stomach work?

The stomach has three primary functions:


1•Temporarily storing chewed food, called a bolus, for about two hours or longer. 

2•Producing stomach acid and digestive enzymes that mix with the bolus to break it down and form chyme, the semi-liquid mass of partially digested food, water, stomach acid, and digestive enzymes. 

3•Emptying the chyme into the small intestine for further digestion and nutrient absorption. 

For the stomach to work efficiently, it needs the entire gastrointestinal tract to work efficiently. This means food must move through the small intestine at a normal pace. It also means waste that collects in the large intestine (often called the colon) must clear regularly. Conditions like constipation may appear to affect only the large intestine, but their effect can be much more far-reaching, affecting how long it takes food to move through the stomach.


Factors that affect how fast you have an empty stomach

Many factors can affect the time it takes for food to move out of your stomach. Some you control, and some you don’t. These include:


•Your current metabolism

•How active you are every day

•Your age

•Medicines or drugs you may be taking

•What you eat

•Your overall health

You have immediate control over what you eat and how much physical activity you get. Eating the right foods along with regular exercise gives you a little control over your metabolism, but that takes time.


For most healthy individuals, the stomach empties about 50% of its content in two to three hours. You have an empty stomach in four to five hours, given, of course, that no additional food is ingested in this time.


Exactly how long it takes can depend on the meal. Some foods are classified as fast-digesting and others as slow-digesting based on their rate of transit through the stomach and into the small intestine.


Fast-Digesting Foods

Carbohydrates with a high glycemic index are categorized as fast-digesting. Examples of fast-digesting foods include processed sugars, short-grain white rice, and ingredients you’d find in energy bars. 


Fast-digesting foods are great for a rapid energy boost. Your body breaks them down quickly, boosting your glucose levels that your body can turn into energy. 


Of course, there is a downside to this. You feel hungry more quickly. However, overeating any of these often leads to more glucose than what you actually burn for energy, leading your body to store the excess glucose as fat. 


Slow-Digesting Foods

Examples of slow-digesting foods include most fresh fruits and vegetables, beans, and nuts. Proteins and fats also require more time. 


Digesting slowly makes you feel fuller for longer. These foods also offer a steady release of energy. However, too many of them can make your entire system work harder. This is especially true of diets high in fat and red meats, which require more time to digest. You may even have difficulty producing enough enzymes to break them down.


List of Foods by Digestive Speed

Here is a list of common foods and how long it takes each one to transit through the stomach, from fastest to slowest. 


•Water – empties almost immediately. 

•Juice (fruit or vegetable) – 15 to 20 minutes

•Uncooked vegetables – 30 to 40 minutes

•Cooked vegetables – 40 minutes

•Fish – 45 to 60 minutes

•Starchy vegetables (e.g., potatoes) – 1.5 to 2 hours

•Chicken – 1.5 to 2 hours

•Dairy – 2 hours

•Whole grains – 2 hours

•Nuts – 3 hours

•Beef – 3 hours

•Pork – 5 hours

Now, these are just the average times for each to pass through the stomach. Further digestion and absorption still occur in the small intestine and then again in the large intestine. 


Generally speaking, stomach transit or gastric emptying may take up to 5 hours (presuming you don’t consume any food within this period). Small intestine transit can take anywhere from 2 to 6 hours. Colonic transit can take from 10 to 59 hours. 


Other factors that affect how long it takes a stomach to empty

The time you need to digest food also depends on these factors: 


Meal volume

How much you consume directly affects how long it will take for your stomach to empty. The more you put in, the longer it will take to digest it. Interestingly, large meals take longer to start moving but empty faster than smaller meals.


Meal temperature 

You are already optimized to digest at body temperature, so meals that are warmer or colder than body temperature can slow the digestive process.


Particle size

The more you chew your food, the smaller the particle size. Smaller food particles are digested more quickly as stomach acids and enzymes can break them down faster and with more ease. 


Level of physical activity 

Regular physical activity helps boost several digestive functions, from enzyme production to the movement of the gastrointestinal muscles. 



The importance of proper stomach function

If your stomach empties too slowly, food begins to ferment, causing gas and bloating. This condition is called gastric stasis, or gastroparesis. The gas and bloating, however, are not the worst part. The fermentation can mean you don’t get all the nutrients from your food.


Rapid gastric emptying or dumping syndrome, on the other hand, occurs when food moves too quickly through the stomach. In this case, it enters the small intestine without being broken down properly. As a result, the small intestine is again unable to absorb nutrients. 


Fortunately, this is a condition you have more control over. Eating too fast or not properly chewing often leads to this problem. Taking time to properly chew your meal can relieve most instances of this condition. 


How does digestion in the stomach affect the lower digestive tract?

When your stomach breaks down food as it’s supposed to, the small intestine receives partially digested material it can handle. For you, this translates into a better absorption of nutrients. It also ensures the colon receives waste it can process effectively, reducing the chance of undigested food building up and affecting the balance of gut bacteria, immune response, and overall colon health. 


Efficient digestion translates to: 


•Proper nutrient absorption 

•Stable blood-glucose levels 

•Good energy levels

•Sharp cognitive function

•Healthy body weight 

•Regular bowel movements 

•Good quality sleep 

How can I tell if I have an empty stomach?

As you can see, you need at least a couple of hours for your stomach to empty. Signs that you have an empty stomach include:


Hunger

A growling stomach

Feeling weak

Headache

Anger or irritability

Dizziness or feeling lightheaded

Stomach emptying and taking medications or supplements

Some medicines give instructions to take with a meal. Others say to take it on an empty stomach. Supplements frequently have similar directions. 


This is a good rule to follow for medicines or supplements that you are to take on an empty stomach – one hour before a meal or two after. The hour before gives you a chance to process the drug or nutrients before the food arrives. Two hours after should have the food mostly broken down, making it less likely to interfere with the medication. 


Why would you need to take medicine with food?

It might be that the food will help reduce side effects. In some instances, your food helps with the absorption of the medicine. If you have any questions about a drug you are taking, you should always talk with your doctor. 

How can you aid healthy stomach function?

•Eating a well-balanced diet and exercising are two of the best ways to maintain good digestive health. Here are a few other ways you can encourage the proper break down of what you eat: 


•Avoid eating fast-digesting with slow-digesting food. This helps your stomach keep a regular “emptying” schedule. 


•Carefully space your meals. If you have slow-digesting food for lunch, for example, avoid snacking. Then, schedule your dinner four to five hours later to make sure your stomach is completely empty.  


•Chew well, and eat slowly. Your food should almost be a liquid (or mush) by the time you swallow it, making it easier for your stomach to do its job.


•Supplement if needed. If you find you experience gas and bloating when you eat, it may be that you are not producing enough digestive enzymes. It can happen as you age. Drinking enough water throughout the day can help.


•Great health depends on proper digestion and rehydration. And knowing when your stomach is empty helps ensure you get the maximum value from your foods and water. You can also use this knowledge for weight-loss strategies and improve gastrointestinal detoxing and colon cleansing effectiveness.