Your Water requirements for daily life

How much should people drink? Official recommendations give guidelines for daily requirements.

The most recent official recommendation about water requirement has been published by the European Food Safety Authority in 2010.¹ This extensive scientific review has enabled the definition of adequate water intakes, based on European fluid intakes, desirable urine osmolarity and energy intake. The reference values assumed a moderate climate and moderate level of physical activity.

Table: Dietary Reference Values for water¹

 

These values include water that originates from both consumed fluids and food. The European Scientific Authority has also stated that the contribution of food to total water intake represents about 20% in adults. On this basis, it means that male adults should drink 2 L per day, and female adults 1.6 L.

No maximal tolerable intake level has been set by EFSA. This is justified by the great ability of healthy individuals to excrete excess water intakes within a large range of observed intakes. In healthy subjects the kidneys have the ability to excrete up to 0.7 to 1L/hour.¹

Reference

EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on Dietary reference values for water. EFSA Journal 2010; 8(3):1459. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1459. Available online:www.efsa.europa.eu.

Different needs for water at different life stages

Water requirements change at different life stages. So how much water should people drink at each stage of their lives?

1.Hydration for pregnant and breast feeding women.

Because of the particular importance and responsibility of the pregnancy and lactation phases, it is often a time when mothers modify their nutritional habits and lifestyles to ensure the best and healthiest start in life for their new child.

 Most pregnant and lactating women are likely to pay attention to living healthily and eating healthily– it is important that health care practitioners should ensure that hydration is not overlooked.

Indeed, weight increases about 12 kg during pregnancy, and most of this added weight, 6 to 9 L, is water¹, because:

• The plasma volume (which is mainly water) increases
• 85% of the placenta is water²
• The fetus itself is 70-90% of water

To ensure adequate water intakes during pregnancy, the EFSA recommends an increase of 300 mL per day compared to the normal intake for non-pregnant women, taking total adequate water intake (from food and fluids) to 2,300 mL, or approximately 1,850 mL/ day from fluids.³

During lactation, water intake needs to compensate for the loss of water through milk production. Milk is made of 88% water, and the EFSA therefore recommends that lactating women increase their water by about 700 mL/day, meaning an adequate intake of 2,700 mL/day (from food and drink), or approximately 2,200 mL/day from fluids.
 

References:

1. Institute of Medicine (IOM). Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academies Press,2004.
2. Beall MH, van den Wijngaard JPHM, van Gemert MJC, Ross MG. Amniotic Fluid Water Dynamics. Placenta 2007;28:816-23.
3. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on Dietary reference values for water. EFSA Journal 2010; 8:1459-1507. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1459. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu

Hydration in infancy and childhood

At birth, the total body water content is as high as
75%. It decreases during the first year of life in
childhood to reach 60% at adult age.

Compared to adults, infants not only have a higher
body water content, but also a higher surface area-
to-body mass ratio, a higher rate of water turnover,¹
a limited ability to excrete solutes, and a lower
ability to express thirst. For these reasons,
dehydration in infants is more quickly life
threatening than for children or for adults.

 However, because of the low potential renal solute
load of human milk, healthy ad libitum breast-fed
infants do not need additional water, even under
conditions of high environmental temperature.²

Water requirements increase with age. Adequate
Intakes for infants and children have been defined
by the EFSA in 20102 and are summarized in the
table below:

 

EFSA recommended adequate fluid intakes in children²

As part of their nutritional education, children should

be taught how to drink in a healthy way: attention

should be paid to allow children good access to water

throughout the day.

 

Encouraging children to favour non-caloric beverages

such as water should be a component of broader

advice on lifestyle and nutrition.

• A study recently conducted in Germany has
• shown that a simple intervention with the sole
• focus of promoting water consumption
• effectively prevented overweight among
• children in elementary schools.³

References:

1. Fusch C, Hungerland E, Scharrer B, Moeller H. Water turnover of healthy children measured by deuterated water elimination. Eur J Pediat. 1993;152:110-4.
2. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on Dietary reference values for water. EFSA Journal 2010; 8:1459-1507. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1459. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu
3. Muckelbauer R, Libuda L, Clausen K, Toschke AM, Reinehr T, Kersting M. Promotion and provision of drinking water in schools for overweight prevention: randomized, controlled cluster trial. Pediatrics. 2009;123:e661-7.

Hydration and the elderly

As we get older, body water content decreases, the

risk for dehydration increases, and the consequences

become more serious.

 

Dehydration has been associated with increased

mortality rates among hospitalized older adults¹ and

can precipitate emergency hospitalization and

increase the risk of repeated stays in hospital.^2,3

 

Dehydration is a frequent cause of hospitalization of

older adults and one of the ten most frequent diagno

-ses responsible for hospitalization in the United-

States.³ Evidence suggests high dehydration rates of

elderly patients within hospitals and other health care

 institutions.²

Dehydration has also been associated with various

morbidities, such as impaired cognition or acute

confusion, falling or constipation.

 

The cost associated with dehydration may be very

high: a study conducted in 1999 in the United

States evaluated the avoidable costs of

hospitalizations due to dehydration at $1.14 billion.⁴

 

Why are the elderly more susceptible to dehydration?

The amount of body water decreases by

approximately 15% (about 6 L) between the ages of

20 and 80.⁵ With this decrease, the body becomes

more susceptible to dehydration from the loss of a

small amount of body water.⁶ Moreover, the elderly

often experience diminished thirst sensation which

leads to a reduced fluid consumption.^7,8 Also as a

consequence of ageing, the kidneys have a reduced

ability to concentrate urine and retain water during

water deprivation.⁹ In addition, ageing kidneys are

less able to conserve or excrete sodium.¹⁰

Insufficient fluid intakes can also be the result of
limitations such as reduced swallowing capacity,
decreased mobility, or comprehension and
communication disorders. Disease-related factors,
such as incontinence can increase water losses.
Dehydration may also be caused by warm
temperature, inadequate staffing in institutions, or
use of laxatives or diuretics.¹

What steps can be taken to prevent

dehydration in the elderly?

Prevention is primarily based on ensuring adequate

fluid intake. Raising awareness of the elderly, their

families and caregivers on the risks of dehydration

and its consequences is fundamental for dehydration

prevention,^1,11and can lead to cost-savings in geriatric

institutions.^12,13

SOME STRATEGIES FOR ENCOURAGING

FLUIDS CONSUMPTION^9,11

• Offer fluids regularly during the day
• Make liquids readily available all day (at bedside

or chairside in geriatric institutions) by placing

containers such as small bottle of water or sippy cups

• Encourage consumption of fluids with medication
• Provide preferred beverages
• Prescribe and safeguard a minimum intake of

1.5 L in periods of increased risk for dehydration

References:

1. Mentes J. Oral hydration in older adults: greater.

awareness is needed in preventing, recognizing, and
treating dehydration. Am J Nurs. 2006;106:40-9;
quiz 50.

2.Begum MN, Johnson CS. A review of the literature
on dehydration in the institutionalized elderly.

E SpenEur E J ClinNutrMetab. 2010; 5:e47-e53.

 

3.Sheehy, CM, Perry PA, Cromwell SL. Dehydration

: biological considerations, age-related changes, and

 risk factors in older adults. Biol Res Nurs. 1999;

1:30-7.

 

4.Xiao H, Barber J, Campbell ES. Economic burden

of dehydration among hospitalized elderly patients.

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2004;61:2534-40.

 

5.Gille D. Overview of the physiological changes

and optimal diet in the golden age generation over 50.

European Review of Aging and Physical Activity

2010;7:27-36.

 

6.Rikkert MG, MelisRJ, ClaassenJA. Heat waves

and dehydration in the elderly. BMJ. 2009:339:b2663.

 

7.Schols JM, De Groot CP, van der Cammen TJ,

Olde Rikkert MG.Preventing and treating dehydration

in the elderly during periods of illness and warm

weather. J Nutr Health Aging 2009;13:150-7.

 

8.Kenney WL, Chiu P. Influence of age on thirst and

fluid intake. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001; 33:1524-32.

 

9.Bennett JA. Dehydration: Hazards and Benefits.

Geriatric Nursing 2000;21:84-8.

 

10.Silver AJ. Aging and risks for dehydration. Cleve

Clin J Med. 1990:574:341-4.

 

11.Faes MC, Spigt MG, Olde MGM, Rikkert MD.

Dehydration in Geriatrics. Geriatrics and Aging

2007;10:590-6.

 

12.Simmons SF, Alessi C, Schnelle JF. An

intervention to increase fluid intake in nursing home

residents: prompting and preference compliance.

J Am GeriatrSoc 2001;49:926-33.

 

13.Robinson SB,Rosher RB. Can a beverage cart

help improve hydration? GeriatrNurs.

2002;23:208-11.

SWIMMERS NEED TO DRINK AS MUCH AS OTHER ATHLETES

SWIMMERS NEED TO DRINK AS MUCH AS OTHER ATHLETES?

Professor Perronet explains the difference between athletes hydration needs according to their disciplines.

"The short answer is no, because the swimmer is less at risk than other athletes. The reason for this is that it's much easier to lose the heat produced during exercise to the surrounding water for the swimmer, than to the surrounding air for the runner or the cyclist.

Because of that, actually the swimmer is much more at risk of becoming hypothermic than hyperthermic during exercise. 


So he needs to drink less than, for example, runners or other athletes. So it is a myth to believe that the swimmer needs to drink as much as other athletes."

Here Are My Keys To Success

MY KEYS TO SUCCESS, for you. Day in, Day out.

1.First, Power Pack Your Morning. get Up Early.

2. Second, Prioritize Your Health. You need to exercise, Drink Your Water, Do Stretching. 

3. Third, TAKE TIME FOR FOR GRATITUDE, MEDITATION, AND PRAYER.

4. Fourth, Work Hard. Nobody say you got a short day or an easy day. 

5. Fifth, WORK SMART AND GET ORGANISED. Have a routine, do things in batches and be focused. Have systems and processes.  

6. Lastly, FIND WHAT WORKS FOR YOU. 

Dehydration Causes, Symptoms and Tips to Stay Hydrated

Our Body of Water
The majority of the body is made up of water with up to 75% of the
body's weight due to H2O. Most of the water is found within the
cells of the body (intracellular space). The rest is found in the
extracellular space, which consists of the blood vessels
(intravascular space) and the spaces between cells (interstitial
space).

What is Dehydration?
Dehydration occurs when the amount of water leaving the body is
greater than the amount being taken in. The body is very dynamic
and always changing. This is especially true with water levels in
the body. We lose water routinely when we: 
>breathe and humidified air leaves the body; 
>sweat to cool the body; and
>urinate or have a bowel movement to rid the body of waste
products.

In a normal day, a person has to drink a significant amount of
water to replace this routine loss.

Causes of Dehydration: Diarrhea.
Diarrhea is the most common reason a person loses excess
water. Diarrhea consists of unusually frequent or unusually liquid
bowel movements and excessive watery evacuations of fecal material. Persistent diarrhea is both uncomfortable and dangerous, as a significant amount of water can be lost with each
bowel movement. Worldwide, more than four million children die
each year because of dehydration from diarrhea.



Causes of Dehydration: Vomiting
Vomiting is the act of forcible emptying of the stomach, in which
the stomach has to overcome the pressures that are normally in
place to keep food and secretions within the stomach. The
stomach almost turns itself inside out - forcing itself into the
lower portion of the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth
to the stomach) during a vomiting episode. Constant vomiting can
be a serious cause of fluid loss and it is difficult for a person to
replace water if they are unable to tolerate liquids.



Causes of Dehydration: Sweat
The body can lose significant amounts of water when it tries to
cool itself by sweating. Whether the body is hot because of the
environment (for example, working in a warm environment),
intense exercising in a hot environment, or because a fever is
present due to an infection; the body uses a significant amount of
water in the form of sweat to cool itself. Depending upon weather
conditions, a brisk walk will generate up to 16 ounces of sweat
(one pound of water).



Causes of Dehydration: Diabetes
In people with diabetes, elevated blood sugar levels cause sugar
to spill into the urine, and water then follows, which can cause
significant dehydration. For this reason, frequent urination and
excessive thirst are among the symptoms of diabetes.



Causes of Dehydration: Burns
The skin has an important role to play in the fluid and temperature
regulation of the body. If enough skin area is injured, the ability to maintain that control can be lost. Burn victims become
dehydrated because water seeps into the damaged skin. Other
inflammatory diseases of the skin are also associated with fluid
loss.



Causes of Dehydration: Inability to Drink Fluids
The inability to drink adequately is another potential cause of
dehydration. Whether it is the lack of availability of water or the
lack of strength to drink adequate amounts, this, coupled with
routine or excessive amounts of water loss can compound the
degree of dehydration.



What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Dehydration?

The body's initial responses to dehydration are thirst to increase
water intake along with decreased urine output to try to conserve
water. The urine will become concentrated and more yellow in
color. As the level of water loss increases, more symptoms can
become apparent, such as increased thirst, dry mouth, cessation
of tear production by the eyes, cessation of sweating , muscle
cramps, nausea and vomiting, heart palpitations, and
lightheadedness (especially when standing). With severe
dehydration, confusion and weakness will occur as the brain and
other body organs receive less blood. Finally, coma and organ
failure will occur if the dehydration remains untreated.



How is Dehydration Diagnosed?
Dehydration is often a clinical diagnosis. Aside from diagnosing
the reason for dehydration, the health care professional's
examination of the patient will assess the level of dehydration.
Initial evaluations may include:
Mental status tests to evaluate whether the patient is awake,
alert, and oriented.
Vital sign assessments may include postural readings
(blood pressure and pulse rate are taken lying down and
standing). With dehydration, the pulse rate may increase and
the blood pressure may drop because the intravascular
space is depleted of water.
Temperature may be measured to assess fever.
Skin will be checked to see if sweat is present and to assess
the degree of elasticity. As dehydration progresses, the skin
loses its water content and becomes less elastic.
Infant evaluation: infants may have additional evaluations
performed, including checking for a soft spot on the skull
(sunken fontanelle), assessing the suck mechanism, muscle,tone, or loss of sweat in the armpits and groin.

Pediatric patients are often weighed during routine visits, thus a body weight measurement may be helpful in assessing how much water has been lost with the acute illness.
In some cases, blood tests to measure potential electrolyte abnormalities and urinalysis may be ordered to determine the level of dehydration in the patient.



How is Dehydration Treated?

Fluid replacement is the treatment for dehydration. This may be
attempted by replacing fluid by mouth, but if this fails, intravenous
fluid (IV) may be required. Should oral rehydration be attempted,
frequent small amounts of clear fluids should be used. 

Clear fluids include:

>water,
>clear broths,
>popsicles,
>Jell-O, and
>other replacement fluids that may contain electrolytes.

Can Dehydration Be Treated at Home?
Dehydration occurs over time. If it can be recognized in its earliest
stages, and if its cause can be addressed, then home treatment may be adequate. Steps a person can take at home to prevent
severe dehydration include:

>People with vomiting and diarrhea can try to alter their diet
and use water-cure-protocol formula to control symptoms to minimize water loss.

>Acetaminophen or ibuprofen may be used to control fever.
Ibuprofen may irritate the stomach and cause nausea and
vomiting, so it should be used with caution in individuals
who already have these symptoms.

>Fluid replacements may be attempted by replacing fluid by mouth with frequent small amounts of clear fluids.

 If the individual becomes confused or lethargic; if there is
persistent, uncontrolled fever, vomiting, or diarrhea; or if there are
any other specific concerns, then medical care should be accessed. EMS or 911 should be activated for any person with altered mental status.



What Are the Complications of Dehydration?

Complications of dehydration may occur because of the
dehydration, and/or because of the underlying disease or situation
that causes the fluid loss. Complications that may occur include:
>kidney failure,

>coma,

>shock,

>heat-related illnesses (heat exhaustion or heat stroke), and

>electrolyte abnormalities.



Dehydration Prevention Tip #1

Plan ahead and take extra water to all outdoor events where
increased sweating, activity, and heat stress will increase fluid
loss. Encourage athletes and people who work outside to replace
fluids at a rate that equals the loss.



Dehydration Prevention Tip #2

Check weather forecasts for high heat index days. When
temperatures are high, avoid exercise, outdoor exposure, and plan
events that must occur outside during times of the day when
temperatures are lower.



Dehydration Prevention Tip #3

The young and elderly are most at risk of dehydration. Ensure that
older people, infants, and children have adequate drinking water or
fluids available and assist them as necessary. Encourage
individuals who are incapacitated or impaired to drink plenty of
water and assure they are provided with adequate fluids.
During heat waves, attempts should be made to check on the elderly in their homes. During the Chicago heat wave of 1995, more than 600 people died in their homes from heat exposure.



Dehydration Prevention Tip #4

Avoid alcohol consumption, especially when it is very hot, because
alcohol increases water loss and impairs your ability to recognize
early signs associated with dehydration. 



Dehydration Prevention Tip #5

Wear light-colored and loose-fitting clothing if you must be
outdoors when it is hot outside. Drink plenty of water and carry a
personal fan or mister to cool yourself.



Dehydration Prevention Tip #6

Break up your exposure to hot temperatures. Find air-conditioned
or shady areas and allow yourself to cool between exposures.
Taking someone into a cooled area for even a couple of hours
each day will help prevent the cumulative effects of high heat
exposure.



Dehydration Prevention Tip #7

Know the signs and symptoms of heat cramps, heat rash, heat
exhaustion, and heat stroke. Preventing dehydration is one step to
avoid these conditions.



Dehydration At A Glance

>The body needs water to function.

>Dehydration occurs when water intake is less than water loss.

>Symptoms range from mild to life-threatening.

>Prevention is the important first step in treating dehydration.

>The young and the elderly are especially susceptible to
dehydration.

How is dehydration diagnosed?

Dehydration is often a clinical diagnosis. Aside from diagnosing the reason for dehydration, the health care professional's examination of the patient will assess the level of dehydration. Initial evaluations may include:

Mental status tests to evaluate whether the patient is awake, alert, and oriented. Infants and children may appear listless and have whiny cries and decreased muscle tone.


Vital signs may include postural readings (blood pressure and pulse rate are taken lying down and standing). With dehydration, the pulse rate may increase and the blood pressure may drop because the blood is depleted of fluid. People taking beta blocker medications for high blood pressure, heart disease, or other indications, occasionally lose the ability to increase their heart rate as a compensation mechanism since these medications block the adrenaline receptors in the body.

Temperature may be measured to assess fever. While it is common to measure temperature in the ear (tympanic) or by mouth (orally), a rectal thermometer may be used to assess core body temperature if the patient appears warm, but no fever is noted tympanically or orally.

Skin may be checked to see if sweat is present and to assess the degree of elasticity (turgor). As dehydration progresses, the skin loses its water content and becomes less elastic. The amount of sweat is often felt in the armpit or groin, two areas that tend to have moisture normally.

The mouth can become dry and the health care professional may look at or feel the tongue to see how wet it is.

Infants may have additional evaluations performed, including checking for a soft spot on the skull (sunken fontanelle), and assessing the suck mechanism, loss of sweat in the armpits and groin, and muscle tone. All are signs of potential significant dehydration.

Pediatric patients are often weighed during routine child visits, thus a body weight measurement may be helpful in assessing how much water has been lost with the acute illness. This is very rough estimate because all scales are not the same, and for infants and children, it is important to know what clothing they were wearing when the original weight was taken.

Laboratory testing

The purpose of blood tests is to assess potential electrolyte abnormalities (including sodium, potassium, chloride, and carbon dioxide levels) associated with the dehydration. Other tests may or may not be ordered depending upon the underlying cause of dehydration, the severity of illness, and the health care professional's assessment of their needs and resources available.

Other blood tests may be helpful in determining the level of dehydration. Hemoglobin and red blood cell counts may be elevated because the blood is more concentrated with water loss from the intravascular space.

Kidney function tests including BUN and creatinine may be elevated, and this is one way of measuring the severity of dehydration.

Urinalysis may be ordered to determine urine concentration; the more concentrated the urine, the more dehydrated the patient.

Japanese Water Therapy: Heal Your Body Naturally

It is popular in Japan to drink water immediately after waking up every morning. Furthermore, scientific tests have proven its value. 

Apparently, for old and serious diseases, as well as modern illnesses, the water treatment had been found successful by a Japanese medical society as a 100% cure for the following diseases:

Headache, body ache, heart system, arthritis, fast heart beat, epilepsy, excess fatness, bronchitis asthma, TB, meningitis, kidney and urine diseases, vomiting, gastritis, diarrhea, piles, diabetes, constipation, all eye diseases, womb, cancer and menstrual disorders, ear nose and throat diseases.

METHOD OF TREATMENT: 

1. As you wake up in the morning before brushing teeth, drink 640 ml (21.6 oz) of water;

- The water must not contain fluoride;

- There is another version of this therapy on Yahoo! News, but they recommend drinking in the morning 1.5 liters (50.7 oz) of water. In my opinion this is a deception, because drinking too much water is dangerous to your health:

"The opposite of dehydration is a condition known as hyponatremia (...) which means "low sodium" and is sometimes referred to as water intoxication. 

Drinking too much water in too short a time overwhelms the kidneys and can cause a sudden drop in blood sodium levels. Sodium is one of the body's electrolytes (the others are potassium, chloride and bicarbonate). A drop in sodium leads to water entering the brain, causing it to swell. Results include lethargy, disorientation, confusion, seizures, coma and death." 

"Rapid intake of too much water floods the inside of cells when sodium is depleted. This sodium depletion, called hyponatremia, can rupture the cells, either from extra pressure on the cells from without, or from pressure within flooded cells.

Generally speaking, we hit the danger zone when we take in more water than what our kidneys can process in a hour. And for someone with extremely healthy kidneys that is about 30 oz. of water in a hour (please don’t drink that much!). Drinking too much water in rapid succession can prove fatal and should definitely be avoided." (Source)

2. Brush and clean the mouth but do not eat or drink anything for 45 minute;

3. After 45 minutes you may eat and drink as normal;

4. After breakfast, lunch and dinner do not eat or drink anything for 2 hours;

5. Those who are old or sick and are unable to drink 4 glasses of water at the beginning may commence by taking little water and gradually increase it to 4 glasses per day;

6. The above method of treatment will cure diseases of the sick and others can enjoy a healthy life;

The following list gives the number of days of treatment required to cure/control/ reduce main diseases: 

1. High Blood Pressure - 30 days 
2. Gastric - 10 days 
3. Diabetes - 30 days 
4. Constipation - 10 days 
5. Cancer - 180 days 
6. TB - 90 days 
7. Arthritis patients should follow the above treatment only for 3 days in the 1st week, and from 2nd week onwards - daily. 

This treatment method has no side effects, however at the commencement of treatment you may have to urinate a few times. It is better if we continue this and make this procedure as a routine work in our life.

Don't take "Energy" drinks? Why?

"Energy"drinks are unhealthy.





To simplify complications is the FIRST essential of success. (Click here) 

  Don't take them as a "sport"drink.

How healthy are "energy"drinks? They are high in sugar and caffeine and contain certain unnecessary "nutrients". They all contain caffeine in quantities that food advisers said were "undesirable".
For soft drinks, the maximum caffeine level suggested by British government food advisers in 1993 was 125mg per litre.
The survey (by WHICH? magazine) found that 2 brands sold here have 3 times the amount of caffeine found in Coca-Cola.

Local "energy" drink.
Are "energy" drinks here high in caffeine too?
The Consumers Association of Penang bought 3 brands -- Power Gold, Red Bull and Livita -- and tested them for caffeine. Their test showed that all of them have caffeine above the maximum recommended dose for soft drinks.

Based on the test results:
* Power Gold has 80.13 mg/240 ml caffeine (ie about 334 mg per litre). This is more than 2&1/2 times the suggested maximum level for caffeine in soft drinks in Britain.

* Red Bull has a caffeine level of 26.4 mg/150 ml (ie 176 mg per litre).

*Livita has 17.02 mg/100 ml (ie 172 mg per litre).

Drinks like these often claim to refresh and revitalise. Don't be duped again! You have been forewarned here. Livita for instance, has these claims :"refreshes", "fight fatigue fast". One can be forgiven for thinking that these are sports drinks or drinks that can be indulged in after a strenuous workout.
The real energy drink before and after a hard work or game is use 1/4 teaspoon of sea salt for every 1250ml of plain water.



To simplify complications is the FIRST essential of success. (Click here) 

Unnecessary "nutrients"
They are also claimed to have unique formula of added vitamins and nutrients like taurine (present in Power Gold, Red Bull and Livita) and glucuronolactone ) the labels of Power Gold and red Bull say they contain D-glucuronolactone).

Taurine and glucuronolactone are naturally produced in the human body, but there is no firm evidence to support their use as a food supplement. Also isolated elements supplements will never work for the body. Other synegitic elements in organic forms are needed for natural body usage.

We are advise strongly against using these drinks as "sport"drinks.
It is important to replenish fluid after exercise, but caffeiene in drinks can only cause further dehydration and any driks with high levels of sugar are absorbed into the human body more slowly than drinks with little or no sugar.
Even if you are not into sports, taking these drinks on a regular basis is not encouraged either, especially if you are already a coffee drinker or regularly consume foods or drinks which contain caffeine (eg: soft drinks, chocolates, etc).
This is because excessive caffeine can cause palpitations, increase gastric secretions, act as a diuretic (increasing urine flow) and cause gastric ulcers.
Excessive intake of caffeine can also cause insomnia, cannot sleep, nervousness and poor performance. And caffeine consumption has been linked with cystic breast disease. Water cure :Drugs kill, the human body.


To simplify complications is the FIRST essential of success. (Click here) 

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Use Water-cure. Rather be thankful for the timely warning, and do something about it.

Drink at least 10% of your own daily water-quota (31.42 ml multiply by your present body weight(kg), every 90 minutes. Use 1/4 teaspoon of sea-salt in your daily diet, for every 1250 ml water drank.

Pain is a sign/signal produced by dehydration in the human body. Pain may be common but it is not normal.

To simplify complications is the FIRST essential of success.To simplify complications is the FIRST essential of success. (Click here)