The Chinese New Year is one of the most solemn and distinctive traditional festivals in China. It generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month, which is the first day of the lunar year (also called the lunar year), commonly known as "Chinese New Year". From Laba or Xiaonian to Lantern Festival, it is called Chinese New Year.
The Chinese New Year has a long history. It originated from the primitive beliefs and nature worship of early humans. It evolved from the ancient times of praying for a good harvest and prosperity of people and livestock at the beginning of the year. It is a primitive religious ritual. People would hold sacrificial activities at the beginning of the year to pray for a good harvest and prosperity of people and livestock in the coming year. This sacrificial activity gradually evolved into various celebrations over time, and eventually formed today's Spring Festival. The term "Spring Festival" began to be used after the Xinhai Revolution.
During the Spring Festival, the Han Chinese and many ethnic minorities in China hold various activities to celebrate. These activities are mainly about worshipping ancestors, praying for thanksgiving, family reunion, getting rid of the old and welcoming the new, welcoming the New Year and praying for a good harvest, and they have strong national characteristics. There are many folk customs during the Spring Festival, including eating Laba porridge, worshiping the Kitchen God, sweeping the house, pasting Spring Festival couplets, pasting New Year pictures, pasting the word "Fu" upside down, staying up on New Year's Eve, eating dumplings, giving lucky money, paying New Year's greetings, and visiting temple fairs.
Influenced by Chinese culture, some countries and regions in the world also have the custom of celebrating the New Year. From Egypt in Africa to Brazil in South America, from the Empire State Building in New York to the Sydney Opera House, the Chinese Lunar New Year has set off a "Chinese style" around the world.[52] The Spring Festival is rich and colorful, and has important historical, artistic and cultural values. In 2006, the Spring Festival folk customs were approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
On December 4, 2024, the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO held in Asuncion, Paraguay, passed the review and decided to include "Spring Festival - Chinese Social Practice of Celebrating the Traditional New Year" in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Chinese name: Spring Festival
Foreign name:
Chinese New Year
Spring Festival
Lunar New Year
Other names:茶果、点心、年糕、饺子、春卷、汤圆
Festival time: The first day of the first lunar month
Festival type:
One of the four major traditional festivals in China
Popular areas:
China, East Asia, Southeast Asia and other places where Chinese and overseas Chinese gather
Festival activities: Posting New Year's red ribbons, staying up late, paying New Year's greetings, offering sacrifices, lion dances
Festival food:Tea, snacks, rice cakes, dumplings, spring rolls, glutinous rice balls
Festival significance: Inheriting and promoting traditional culture
春节（Chinese New Year），是中国民间最隆重最富有特色的传统节日之一。一般指除夕和正月初一，是农历年（又叫阴历年）的第一天，俗称“过年”，从腊八或小年开始，到元宵节，都叫过年。
春节历史悠久，起源于早期人类的原始信仰与自然崇拜，由上古时代岁首祈岁祭祀演变而来，是一种原始的宗教仪式，人们会在年初之际举行祭祀活动，祈求来年五谷丰登、人畜兴旺。这种祭祀活动随着时间的推移逐渐演变为各种庆祝活动，最终形成了今天的春节。“春节”一词开始使用是在辛亥革命以后。
春节期间，中国的汉族和很多少数民族都要举行各种活动以示庆祝。这些活动均以祭祖敬老、感恩祈福、阖家团聚、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容，带有浓郁的民族特色[75]。春节民俗众多，包括喝腊八粥、祭灶神、扫尘、贴春联、贴年画、倒贴福字、除夕守岁、吃饺子、压岁钱、拜年、逛庙会等。
受到中华文化的影响，世界上一些国家和地区也有庆贺新春的习俗，非洲埃及到南美洲巴西，从纽约帝国大厦到悉尼歌剧院，中国农历新年在世界各地掀起了“中国风”。春节内容丰富多彩，具有重要的历史、艺术和文化价值。2006年，春节民俗经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
2024年12月4日，巴拉圭亚松森召开的联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第19届常会通过评审，决定将“春节——中国人庆祝传统新年的社会实践”列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。
中文名
春节
外文名
Chinese New Year
Spring Festival
Lunar New Year[149]
别名
新春、岁节、年节、新禧、新年、大年
节日时间
农历正月初一
节日类型
中国四大传统节日之一
流行地区
中国，东亚、东南亚等华人华侨聚集地
节日活动
贴年红、守岁、拜年、祭祀、舞狮
节日饮食
茶果、点心、年糕、饺子、春卷、汤圆
节日意义
传承与弘扬传统文化
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